Smilax smallii

Morong

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 430. 1894.

Common names: Cantaque
Endemic
Basionym: Smilax ovata Pursh 1814
Synonyms: Smilax cinnamomiifolia Small
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 477. Mentioned on page 469, 470.

Vines; rhizomes irregularly tuberous, branched, thick, to 1.5+ m. Stems perennial, climbing, greenish or reddish-brown, terete, 10+ m × 27 mm, woody, glabrous, glaucous when young; prickles few, scattered, recurved, flattened, 3–4 mm. Leaves evergreen, distally disposed (± evenly disposed on immature plants); petiole 0.3–1.3 cm; blade deep green, often variegated, drying to pale green, lanceolate-elliptic to narrowly ovate, prominently reticulate, 5-veined from base, 5–6.6 × 1.7–3 cm, abaxially glabrous, not glaucous, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire to undulate, apex acuminate. Umbels many, axillary to leaves, 7–15-flowered, loose to dense, hemispherical to spherical; peduncle 0.5–2.3 cm. Flowers: perianth green; tepals 3–6 mm; anthers ± 1/5 as long as filaments; ovule 1 per locule; pedicel (0.3–) 0.5–0.7 (–1) cm. Berries black, globose to compressed, 5.5–8 mm, glaucous.


Phenology: Flowering Jun–Jul.
Habitat: Rich woods, pinewoods, streambanks, edges of fields, swamp margins, ditches, well-drained but not dry soils
Elevation: 0–600 m

Distribution

V26 997-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tex., Va.

Discussion

Smilax smallii is the highest-climbing species of Smilax within the flora and it is particularly conspicuous during the winter. It has been used as an ornamental and as a winter decoration, primarily in the Christmas trade. The starchy rhizomes and succulent, immature stems were used for food by Native Americans and early settlers.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number.

... more about "Smilax smallii"
acuminate +
Walter C. Holmes +
Morong +
rounded +  and cuneate +
Smilax ovata +
globose;compressed +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
pale green +, variegated +  and green +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (6.6 cm66 mm <br />0.066 m <br />) +
not glaucous +  and glabrous +
lanceolate-elliptic +  and narrowly ovate +
reduced +
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (?) +  and 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Cantaque +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, S.C. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
0–600 m +
pistillate +  and staminate +
Rich woods, pinewoods, streambanks, edges of fields, swamp margins, ditches, well-drained but not dry soils +
pedunculate +  and umbellate +
evergreen +
leathery +
entire +  and undulate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
Flowering Jun–Jul. +
flattened +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club +
branched +  and tuberous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
filiform +
W1 +  and Endemic +
armed +, unarmed +, branching +  and simple +
reddish-brown +  and greenish +
perennial +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
Smilax cinnamomiifolia +
Smilax smallii +
species +
bronze +, yellow +  and greenish +
distinct +
ovate;elliptic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
7-15-flowered +
hemispherical +  and spherical +