familyAsteraceae
tribeAsteraceae tribe Astereae
genusSolidago
sectionSolidago sect. Solidago
subsectionSolidago subsect. Triplinerviae
speciesSolidago altissima
subspeciesSolidago altissima subsp. altissima

Solidago altissima subsp. altissima

John C. Semple, Rachel E. Cook
Endemic
Synonyms: Solidago canadensis var. scabra (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Torrey & A. Gray Solidago scabra Muhlenberg ex Willdenow
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 153.

Involucres usually 3–4 mm. 2n = 36, 54.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Dry to moist soils, fields, roadsides, disturbed areas
Elevation: 0–1000+ m

Distribution

V20-329-distribution-map.gif

Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., W.Va., Mexico

Discussion

Subspecies altissima is an escaped cultivar or has been introduced in Arizona, California, and Utah, and very likely in other western states. It is the most common and “weedy” member of subsect. Triplinerviae and has been introduced in many parts of the world. It replaces subsp. gilvocanescens in the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Tetraploids are infrequent along the western edge of the subspecies’s distribution and rarely on glades in the southeastern United States. Hexaploids occur throughout the range. Array shape varies, narrower and elongate ones occurring in the southeastern United States; in Texas, such plants might be confused with Solidago juliae, which has more linear leaves. Further work is needed to analyze regional variants within each subspecies.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified.

... more about "Solidago altissima subsp. altissima"
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2n chromosome quantity
54 +  and 36 +
Abaxial face pubescence
strigose +
Abaxial margin pubescence
villoso-strigillose +  and strigillose +
Adaxial face pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Apex fusion
distinct +
Apex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Apex shape
acute;obtuse +
Apex size
subequal +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage quantity
0 +
Apical appendage shape
usually triangular +  and linear +
Appendage pubescence
hirsute +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Appendage shape
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
Array architecture
secund +, leafy +  and thyrsiform-paniculiform +
Array architecture or arrangement
congested +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Array height or length or size
sometimes shorter +
Array orientation
arching +
Array shape
cone--shaped +
Author
John C. Semple +  and Rachel E. Cook +
Authority
Linnaeus +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Basal leaf architecture
not 3-nerved +
Basal leaf life cycle
withering +
Basal leaf presence
absent +
Base duration
not persisting +
Base shape
decurrent +
Basionyms
Triplinerviae +
Blade architecture
3-nerved +
Blade length
9.5 cm95 mm <br />0.095 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Blade shape
oblanceolate +
Blade shape or architecture
entire to serrate +
Blade texture
firm +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body architecture or shape
ribbed +
Body relief
rugulose +  and muricate +
Bracteole arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Bracteole pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Branch architecture
thyrsiform +
Branch architecture or arrangement
congested +
Branch arrangement
ascending-divergent +  and divergent +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch height or length or size
sometimes shorter +
Branch length
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +  and 30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (?) +
Branch orientation
recurved +
Branch shape
club--shaped +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Branch width
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (?) +
Bristle architecture
barbellate +
Bristle length or size
longer +
Bristle pappus duration
persistent +
Bristle quantity
25;45 +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Caudex texture
woody +
Cauline blade atypical length
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
Cauline blade atypical width
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Cauline blade length
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Cauline blade position
mid +
Cauline blade shape
oblanceolate +  and lanceolate +
Cauline blade size
reduced +
Cauline blade width
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Corolla architecture
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
Corolla coloration
yellow +  and white +
Corolla presence
absent +
Corolla size
ampliate +
Corolla some measurement
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
Cypsela architecture
monomorphic +
Cypsela architecture or shape
beaked +, 2-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
Cypsela growth form
dimorphic +
Cypsela pubescence
strigillose +
Cypsela shape
compressed +, narrowly obconic +  and cylindric +
Cypsela some measurement
0.5mm;1.5mm +
Disc-floret atypical quantity
6 (9) +
Disc-floret quantity
3 (6) +
Disc-floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distal margin pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Distribution
Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Mexico +
Elevation
0–1000+ m +
Embryo course
straight +
Face architecture
3-nerved +
Face coating
resinous +
Face position or shape
distal +
Face pubescence
stipitate-glandular +, puberulent +, pilose +, glabrous +, glabrous or +  and sparsely densely scabrous strigillose or villous +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
Floret atypical quantity
5;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret quantity
1;5 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Habitat
Dry to moist soils, fields, roadsides, disturbed areas +
Head architecture
secund +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head architecture or shape
discoid +
Head arrangement
singly +
Head atypical quantity
15 (100) +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head height or length or size
sometimes shorter +
Head quantity
100;1200 +
Head reproduction
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Marjorie C. Leggitt +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Inner phyllarie shape
linear-lanceolate +
Inner series length
clavate +
Involucre length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
campanulate +
Involucre some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Involucre width
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Lamina atypical length
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Lamina atypical width
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Lamina length
0.7mm;1.5mm +
Lamina width
0.1mm;0.4mm +
Leaf architecture
subpetiolate +  and sessile +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf position
proximal +
Leaf position or shape
distal +
Leaf shape
tapering +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Lobe atypical some measurement
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
Lobe orientation
erect;spreading +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
triangular +  and narrowly lanceolate +
Lobe some measurement
? (?) +
Margin architecture or shape
serrate +
Margin pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Margin texture
scarious +
Mid series shape
attenuate +
Midnerve coloration or reflectance
translucent +
Midnerve quantity
2 (5) +
Midnerve shape
linear-lanceolate +  and oblong or ovate +
Midnerve size
unequal +  and rarely subequal +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer phyllarie shape
Acute (Lanceolate) +
Outer scale quantity
2 +
Outer scale shape
setiform +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pappus duration
persistent +
Pappus some measurement
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Peduncle height or length or size
short +
Peduncle pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and hispiduloso-strigillose +
Peduncle some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
In 1 (3+ series) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Petiole duration
not persisting +
Phenology
Flowering Aug–Oct. +
Phyllarie architecture
1-nerved +
Phyllarie coating
resinous +
Phyllarie coloration or pubescence or relief
not striate +
Phyllarie duration
persistent +
Phyllarie fusion
distinct +
Phyllarie life cycle
falling +
Phyllarie pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Phyllarie quantity
10 (35) +
Phyllarie size
unequal +
Phyllarie texture
Herbaceous (Chartaceous or scarious) +
Plant size
small +
Proximal blade architecture
3-nerved +
Proximal blade shape
ovate-oblanceolate +
Proximal cauline leaf life cycle
withering +
Proximal leaf position or shape
distal +
Proximalmost cauline leaf architecture
sessile +
Proximalmost cauline leaf life cycle
flowering +
Proximalmost cauline leaf presence
absent +
Publication title
Sp. Pl. +
Publication year
1753 +
Ray-floret architecture
pistillate +
Ray-floret atypical quantity
13 (17) +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
8 (13) +
Ray-floret reproduction
fertile +
Receptacle architecture
epaleate +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle relief
pitted +
Receptacle shape
convex +
Reference
None +
Rhizome growth form or orientation
long-creeping +
Rhizome height or length or size
short +
Rhizome texture
woody +
Rib pubescence
strigillose +  and glabrous +
Rib quantity
8 +  and 10 +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Series quantity
3 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V20 329.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem architecture
branched +
Stem orientation
decumbent +  and ascending or erect +
Stem pubescence
glabrescent +  and short-hairy +
Stem quantity
1 +  and 40 +
Style-branch appendage shape
triangular +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +  and smooth +
Synonyms
Solidago canadensis var. scabra +  and Solidago scabra +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Solidago altissima subsp. altissima +
Taxon parent
Solidago altissima +
Taxon rank
subspecies +
Tooth architecture or shape
serrulate +  and entire +
Tooth atypical quantity
6 (14) +
Tooth quantity
0 (6) +
Tube height or length or size
shorter +
Vasculature duration
not persisting +
Volume
Volume 20 +
Whole-organism atypical some measurement
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +
Whole-organism some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism some measurement
50cm (200cm) +
X chromosome quantity
9 +