series, distinct, (usually green to whitish green, rarely stramineous) ovate to lanceolate, unequal, margins and apices (usually green or white, rarely dark-brown
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glandular; usually short-rhizomatous, sometimes stoloniferous. Stems 1–many, prostrate to erect, sometimes rooting at nodes, usually ± green, sometimes
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monoecious], usually glabrous, often resinous; bases woody, rarely rhizomatous). Stems (1–20+) usually erect or ascending, rarely prostrate (usually striate-angled
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pistillate elongated in fruit. Staminate flowers: sepals 3–5, usually green, sometimes reddish green, not petaloid, valvate, distinct; petals 0; nectary absent
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subterranean, usually green and photosynthetic, some without chlorophyll and saprophytic. Roots subterranean or aerial, tuberoid or stolonoid, usually with spongy
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branched (bark typically tan to reddish-brown, becoming gray, twigs usually green to gray or yellowish), glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy (often tomentose)
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circinate in bud, monomorphic or dimorphic. Petiole usually not articulate to stem, scales usually persistent at base, in cross-section with 2–many roundish
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ovary superior, usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1
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by ± leaflike bract. Flowers often fragrant, showy; sepals usually persistent, usually green or purplish; petals dark red to purplish, almost black, or
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± foliaceous, bases usually indurate, green zones usually diamond-shaped, sometimes lanceolate or apices foliaceous (faces usually hairy, sometimes glabrous
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5 mm, usually green, rarely purplish; sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips; petals 5 (absent or 1–5 in M. apetala, M. subapetala), usually white
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adnate 1/2–5/6 to ovary, free from ovary 0.7–3 mm, usually green, sometimes purple; sepals 5, green to purple; petals 5, white (sometimes with pink veins
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279. Plants hermaphroditic or unisexual. Leaves usually green to bluish green, sometimes bright green, sometimes glaucous, thin but ± stout (slightly thicker
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(opaque or hyaline, dull or shiny; stereomes usually green, usually sessile-glandular distally), unequal, usually chartaceous toward tips. Receptacles flat
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on page 459. Plants annual; hirsute, hairs papillose-based, usually yellow-green to green, sometimes purplish. Culms 8-100 cm tall, about 1 mm thick, erect
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Shrubs or trees [lianas], evergreen, usually glabrous. Leaves decussate [whorled], estipulate; petiole usually present; blade margins entire; glandular
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Pedicels 5–20 mm. Flowers: sepals usually green, sometimes reddish apically or throughout, ovate, 2–2.8 mm, apex usually acuminate, surfaces puberulent;
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cespitose, green to pale olive when dry, to 4.3 dm, not glaucous; rhizomes scarcely discernable. Stems simple, 0.8–2 mm wide, glabrous, margins usually entire
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not persistent in fibrous tufts. Inflorescences borne singly; spathes usually green, glabrous, keels entire to denticulate; outer 14–55 (–65) mm, 13–16 mm
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pleiochasia (pleiochasial bracts) opposite or whorled, usually wholly green or with paler green, white, pink, or red at base, sometimes wholly white, pink
13 KB (653 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020