Stellaria fontinalis

(Short & R. Peter) B. L. Robinson

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 29: 286. 1894.

Common names: Kentucky starwort
Endemic
Basionym: Sagina fontinalis Short & R. Peter Transylvania J. Med. Assoc. Sci. 7: 600. 1836
Synonyms: Alsine fontinalis (Short & R. Peter) Britton Arenaria fontinalis (Short & R. Peter) Shinners Spergula fontinalis (Short & R. Peter) Dietrich
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 105. Mentioned on page 96, 97, 98.

Plants annual; taproot slender. Stems straggling to ascending, branched, square, 10–25 cm, glabrous. Leaves sessile; blade with obscure midrib, narrowly oblanceolate to linear-spatulate, 1–3 cm × 0.8–4 mm, somewhat fleshy, base cuneate, margins entire, apex ± acute, glabrous. Inflorescences with flowers solitary in distal leaf-axils; bracts absent. Pedicels ascending or erect, 10–40 mm, glabrous. Flowers 2.5–4 mm diam.; sepals 4 (–5), 3-veined, ovatelanceolate, 2.5–3 mm, margins narrow, scarious, apex ± acute, glabrous; petals absent; stamens 4 (–5), shorter than sepals; styles 3 or 4, ascending, ca. 0.5 mm. Capsules green or straw colored, ovoid, ca. 3 mm, ± equaling sepals, apex obtuse, opening to base into 3 or 4 valves; carpophore absent. Seeds dark redbrown, orbiculate-reniform, 0.6 × 0.8 mm, shiny, tuberculate; tubercles prominent, stalked and knoblike.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Seasonally wet, rocky openings in wooded glades, on wet cliffs
Elevation: 400-500 m

Discussion

Stellaria fontinalis is a very rare and poorly known species of uncertain affinity. Its characters are closer to Sagina and Minuartia than Stellaria, in particular the absence of petals, the 4(–5)-merous flowers, and the distinctive sculpturing of the seeds.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Stellaria fontinalis"
perigynous +  and hypogynous +
obtuse;acute;acute +
John K. Morton +
(Short & R. Peter) B. L. Robinson +
cuneate +
Sagina fontinalis +
Laciniate (?) +, Emarginate (?) +, Jagged (?) +, 2-fid (?) +  and Entire (?) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
narrowly oblanceolate +  and linear-spatulate +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
reduced +
straw colored;green +
ascending;recurved +
10 +, 8 +  and 4 +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Kentucky starwort +
umbellate +  and open +
dish--shaped +
expanded +
Ky. +  and Tenn. +
400-500 m +
straight +  and curved +
central +  and peripheral +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
inconspicuous +
stalked +  and simple +
Seasonally wet, rocky openings in wooded glades, on wet cliffs +
connate +
swollen +
3 +  and 5 +
crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +
erect;ascending +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
perigynous +  and hypogynous +
fugacious +
not clawed +
Flowering spring. +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
dark redbrown +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +
tuberculate +
orbiculate-reniform +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +
red +, purple-tinged +  and green +
persistent +
distinct +
ovatelanceolate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
straggling;ascending +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
subterminal +  and terminal +
[30 +  and 3 +
papillate +
distinct +
4 +  and 3 +
capitate +  and clavate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Alsine fontinalis +, Arenaria fontinalis +  and Spergula fontinalis +
rooting +  and rhizomatous +
Stellaria fontinalis +
Stellaria +
species +
divided +
10 +  and 8 +
rhizomatous +  and taprooted +
pubescence of simple hairs or stalked glands +  and glabrous +
15 +, 13 +, 12 +, 11 +  and 10 +