Stewartia ovata

(Cavanilles) Weatherby

Rhodora 41: 198. 1939 ,.

Common names: Mountain camellia or stewartia
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Malachodendron ovatum Cavanilles Diss. 5: 302, plate 158, fig. 2. 1787
Synonyms: Malachodendron pentagynum (L’Héritier) Dumont de Courset
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 328. Mentioned on page 326.

Shrubs or trees, crown rounded. Stems smooth; young twigs reddish-brown, bark longitudinally fissured. Winter bud-scales 1, enclosed by petiole wings, compressed, 2–5 mm, silvery-pubescent. Leaves: petiole 2–15 mm, wing 1–2 mm wide; blade ovate to widely elliptic, (3–) 8–12 (–15) × (2–) 4–7 (–8.5) cm, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margins serrulate to erose, ciliate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface sparsely pubescent, primary-veins in 5–7 pairs. Inflorescence bracts 1, 10–15 mm. Pedicels 0.3–0.4 (–0.7) cm × 1 mm. Flowers (5–) 6–10 cm diam.; sepals lanceolate, (11–) 14–18 × 6–9 mm; petals 5 (–8), creamy white, margins erose, abaxial surface pubescent; stamens 100–125 (–150); filaments white, yellow, rose, or purple, free portion 12–18 (–20) mm; anthers yellow; styles 5; stigmas unlobed. Capsules ovoid, 1.5–2.2 × 1.4–1.6 cm, apex acute, pubescent. Seeds reddish-brown, winged, planoconvex, (7–) 8–10 × 5–7 mm, dull, wing 0.1–1 mm wide. 2n = 30.


Phenology: Flowering (May-)Jun–Jul(-Oct).
Habitat: Shaded, moist ravines and gorges
Elevation: (100-)200-1100 m

Distribution

V8 651-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ga., Ky., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Va.

Discussion

Stewartia ovata is likely not naturally occurring in Florida; the only specimen seen is from cultivation in an Alachua County nursery (Wilmot s.n., 21 May 1945, FLAS). Human threats to the species include land-use conversion and habitat fragmentation. A form with purplish filaments [var. grandiflora (Bean) Weatherby] is generally not recognized and is hypothesized to be the result of either genetic instability (C. E. Wood Jr. 1959b) or introgression with S. malacodendron. Stewartia ovata is cultivated as an ornamental for its showy flowers and red fall foliage.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Stewartia ovata"
loculicidal +
acute;acute;acuminate +
Linda M. Prince +
(Cavanilles) Weatherby +
fissured +
broadly cuneate +  and rounded +
constricted +
Malachodendron ovatum +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br />) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
ovate;widely elliptic +
chartaceous +  and coriaceous +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
silvery-pubescent +
compressed +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Mountain camellia or stewartia +
adnate +  and distinct +
rounded +
Ala. +, Ga. +, Ky. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +  and Va. +
(100-)200-1100 m +
curved +  and straight +
purple +, rose +, yellow +  and white +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
septicidal +  and loculicidal +
Shaded, moist ravines and gorges +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
deciduous +
serrulate;erose +
crenulate +
tenuinucellate +  and bitegmic +
2 +  and 4 +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
creamy white +
unequal +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Flowering (May-)Jun–Jul(-Oct). +
(4-)5(-6)-carpellate +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
planoconvex +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
persistent +
lanceolate +
lignified +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (?) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Malachodendron pentagynum +
Stewartia ovata +
Stewartia +
species +
gland-tipped +
reddish-brown +
conspicuous +
600 cm6,000 mm <br />6 m <br /> (2,000 cm20,000 mm <br />20 m <br />) +
tree +  and shrub +
hairy +  and glabrous +
0.1mm +  and 1mm +