Streptanthus cordatus

Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray

in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 77. 1838.

Endemic
Synonyms: Cartiera cordata (Nuttall) Greene Erysimum cordatum (Nuttall) Kuntze Euklisia cordata (Nuttall) Rydberg
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 708. Mentioned on page 703, 709, 719.

Perennials; (caudex simple or few-branched); (glaucous), usually glabrous, (petioles of basal leaves pubescent, sometimes sepals). Stems unbranched or branched, (1–) 3–9 (–11) dm. Basal leaves rosulate; petiolate (petioles broadly winged, setose-ciliate); blade usually spatulate to obovate, rarely narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5–8 (–11) cm, margins dentate (at least distally). Cauline leaves: blade broadly oblong to ovate, suborbicular, or lanceolate, 2–9 cm × 7–45 (–60) mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate to amplexicaul, margins entire or toothed, (apex rounded, obtuse, or acuminate to acute). Racemes ebracteate, (lax). Fruiting pedicels divaricate-ascending, (straight), 3–11 (–14) mm. Flowers: calyx campanulate; sepals greenish brown to purple, (broadly oblong), 5–12 mm, (lateral pair subsaccate basally), not keeled, (glabrous or subapically bristly); petals purple to brownish, (claw purplish), 9–15 mm, blade 2–6 × 0.7–1 mm, (recurved or not), margins not crisped, claw 7–10 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments (distinct): abaxial pair 5–7 mm, lateral pair 4–5 mm, adaxial pair 7.5–10 mm; anthers (all) fertile, 2.5–5 mm; gynophore 0.5–1.5 mm. Fruits ascending to divaricate-ascending, smooth, straight, flattened, 5–10.5 (–14.5) cm × (2.5–) 3–6 (–7) mm; valves each with prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules 20–38 (–46) per ovary; style 0.2–3 mm; stigma subentire to strongly 2-lobed. Seeds broadly oblong to suborbicular, 2.5–5 × 2.2–5 mm; wing 0.1–0.9 mm wide, continuous.

Distribution

V7 1223-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, N.Mex., Nev., Oreg., Utah, Wyo.

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Streptanthus cordatus is the most widespread species in the genus. It is highly variable in the shape and size of basal and cauline leaves, flower size, pedicel length, fruit length and width, style length, stigma lobing, seed shape and size, and width of the seed wing. The variation is continuous in almost every character, especially fruit width. R. E. Buck et al. (1993) indicated that in var. cordatus the fruits are more than 5 mm wide and in the Californian var. duranii they are less than 3 mm wide. One sporadically finds throughout the range of var. cordatus plants with mature fruits 2.5–3 mm wide. Such narrow-fruited forms are found in central Nevada (Beatley 6037, DS), Oregon (Howell 28719, CAS), Utah (Goodman 1877, MO), and Wyoming (Rollins & Muñoz 2876, GH).

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Basal leaf blades obovate to spatulate, apices obtuse or rounded; cauline leaf blades broadly oblong to ovate or suborbicular, apices rounded to obtuse. Streptanthus cordatus var. cordatus
1 Basal leaf blades narrowly oblanceolate, apices acuminate; cauline leaf blades lanH:ceolate, apices acuminate or acute. Streptanthus cordatus var. piutensis

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Streptanthus cordatus"
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
linear +  and oblong +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray +
auriculate to amplexicaul +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
not +  and auriculate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
lyrate-pinnatifid +, dentate +  and entire +
dissected +, repand +, sinuate +, crenate +  and dentate +
broadly oblong;ovate suborbicular or lanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
campanulate +
branched +  and simple +
petiolate +  and sessile +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, N.Mex. +, Nev. +, Oreg. +, Utah +  and Wyo. +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
latiseptate +, stipitate +  and subsessile +
10.5 cm105 mm <br />0.105 m <br /> (14.5 cm145 mm <br />0.145 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
straight +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10.5 cm105 mm <br />0.105 m <br />) +
ascending +  and divaricate-ascending +
flattened +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
not crisped;toothed;entire +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
unequal +
purple +  and brownish +
rudimentary +
oblong +  and ovate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
divaricate-ascending +
stout +  and slender +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, uniseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
broadly oblong +  and suborbicular +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
greenish brown +  and purple +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
not keeled +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
tetradynamous +
branched +  and unbranched +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
ascending +  and erect +
subentire +  and strongly 2-lobed +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Cartiera cordata +, Erysimum cordatum +  and Euklisia cordata +
Streptanthus cordatus +
Streptanthus +
species +
dendritic +  and simple +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
anastomosing +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and shrub +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
0.1mm;0.9mm +