Symphyotrichum prenanthoides

(Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) G. L. Nesom

Phytologia 77: 290. 1995.

Common names: Crookedstem aster
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Aster prenanthoides Muhlenberg ex Willdenow Sp. Pl. 3: 2046. 1803
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 527. Mentioned on page 476, 501, 528.

Perennials, 20–90 (–120) cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1 (–3+), ascending to erect (usually flexuous, sometimes ± straight, sometimes stout, older often dark purple), glabrous proximally, moderately hirsute distally. Leaves thin, margins scabrous, apices mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous, midveins hispid to glabrate, adaxial scabrous; basal withering by flowering, petiolate (petioles slender or slightly winged, bases reddish, dilated, sheathing, ciliate), blades obovate to oblanceolate, 15–70 × 10–20 mm, bases attenuate, margins crenate-serrate, apices acute to obtuse; proximalmost cauline withering by flowering, proximal mostly persistent, petiolate to subpetiolate (petioles ± widely winged, bases dilated, strongly auriculate-clasping), blades ovate to lanceovate or elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 80–160 (–200) × 15–55 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases attenuate, margins sharply serrate (teeth mucronulate), apices acuminate to subcaudate; distal subpetiolate or sessile (petioles broadly winged, auriculate-clasping), blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, sometimes panduriform, 7–90 × 2–25 mm, progressively reduced distally, more sharply so on branches, bases attenuate (petiolate) or ± cuneate to auriculate-clasping and slightly constricted above auricles (panduriform), margins serrate or entire. Heads in broad, ± flat, corymbo-paniculiform arrays, branches often purplish, divaricate to ascending, slender. Peduncles (8–) 10–40 mm, sparsely to densely hispid, bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–12 mm, somewhat grading into phyllaries. Involucres campanulate, 5–6 mm. Phyllaries in 4–6 series, oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, slightly constricted near middle (outer) to linear-lanceolate or linear (inner), ± unequal (flexible), bases indurate 1/5–1/2, margins ± narrowly hyaline, scarious, erose, sometimes ciliolate distally, green zones lanceolate to linear-lanceolate (inner), often distally foliaceous, sometimes outer ± entirely so, apices spreading to ± squarrose, acute to acuminate, mucronulate, abaxial faces sparsely hirsutulous to glabrate or glabrous, adaxial glabrous or sparsely hirsutulous. Ray-florets 17–25 (–30); corollas usually lavender to blue, rarely white, laminae 7.5–12 (–15) × 1–2 mm. Disc-florets 39–50 (–65); corollas cream colored or light yellow becoming purple or brown, 3.5–5 mm, tubes ± equaling campanulate to funnelform throats (thinly puberulent), lobes triangular, 0.5–1 mm. Cypselae dull purple or stramineous with purple streaks or purplish-tinged, cylindro-oblanceoloid to obovoid, ± compressed, 2–3 (–3.5) mm, 4–6-nerved, faces sparsely to moderately strigillose; pappi sordid, 3.5–4.5 mm. 2n = 32.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Moist or swampy grounds, woods, thickets, meadows, seeps, stream banks, roadsides
Elevation: 100–1500 m

Distribution

V20-1171-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Conn., Del., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Symphyotrichum prenanthoides is of conservation concern in Canada and in a number of states.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number.

sparsely hirsutulous +  and glabrate or glabrous +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
distinct +
15mm;70mm +
spreading +  and more or less squarrose +
mucronulate;acute;acuminate +
subequal +
scarious +
10mm +  and 20mm +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
corymbo-paniculiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Luc Brouillet +, John C. Semple +, Geraldine A. Allen +, Kenton L. Chambers +  and Scott D. Sundberg† +
(Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) G. L. Nesom +
spatulate;oblanceolate elliptic or ovate +
auriculate-clasping +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
linear +, linear-lanceolate +, cuneate +, attenuate +, acute +  and obtuse +
unequal +  and constricted +
indurate +
10mm;20mm +
Aster prenanthoides +
16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
panduriform;oblanceolate;lanceolate +
reduced +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
rugulose +  and muricate +
lanceolate +  and linear-lanceolate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
slender +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
sessile +  and petiolate +
Crookedstem aster +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
light yellow becoming purple or brown +, cream colored +, white +, usually lavender +  and blue +
at maturity , more or less ampliate , tubes usually shorter +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
beaked +, 2-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
stramineous +, purple +  and dull +
strigillose +  and glabrous +
compressed +, cylindric +  and obovoid or oblong +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
sessile +  and subpetiolate +
Ont. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
100–1500 m +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
purplish-tinged;purplish-tinged;purplish-tinged +
strigillose +
compressed;compressed;cylindro-oblanceoloid;obovoid +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Moist or swampy grounds, woods, thickets, meadows, seeps, stream banks, roadsides +
disciform +  and radiate +
indeterminate +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
campanulate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
7.5mm;12mm +
2 (?) +  and 5 (?) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
decurrent +
reflexed;spreading;erect +
triangular +
entire +, serrate +  and crenate-serrate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
acute +  and obtuse +
10mm +  and 20mm +
hispid +  and glabrate +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
25 +  and 40 +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Flowering Aug–Oct. +
oblanceolate +  and oblong-lanceolate +
constricted +
petiolate +  and subpetiolate +
styliferous +, neuter +  and pistillate +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;slightly convex +
exalbuminous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.1mm;0.2mm +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
branched +  and simple +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
ascending +  and erect +
hirsute +  and glabrous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Aster sect. Heterastrum +  and Aster subg. Symphyotrichum +
Symphyotrichum prenanthoides +
Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum +
species +
funnelform-campanulate +  and cylindric +
at maturity , more or less ampliate , tubes usually shorter +
campanulate +
ampliate +
90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
tree +, shrub +  and subshrub +
lanceolate +  and linear-lanceolate +