Tolumnia bahamensis

(Nash ex Britton & Millspaugh) Braem

Orchidee (Hamburg) 37: 59. 1986.

Illustrated
Basionym: Oncidium bahamense Nash ex Britton & Millspaugh Bahama Fl., 97. 1920
Synonyms: Oncidium variegatum (Swartz) Swartz Oncidium variegatum subsp. bahamense (Nash ex Britton & Millspaugh) Withner
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 651. Mentioned on page 648.

Plants to 12 cm (excluding inflorescence). Leaves semiterete 3–10 × 0.4–1 cm. Inflorescences 1–4, erect, to 50 cm, side branches few or none, to 4.5 cm; bracts 2–6 mm. Flowers white with redbrown spots at bases of perianth parts; sepals spatulate, 4–6 × 1–2 mm, apex apiculate; lateral sepals connate to 3/4 length; petals spatulate to pandurate, 5 × 2 mm, apex rounded to retuse, often apiculate; lip with large redbrown spots near yellow callus, 8–12 × 8–13 mm, middle lobe about 1/3 wider than combined lateral lobes, apex retuse-apiculate, isthmus 0.2–0.4 cm wide with serrate margins; callus with 2 sets of tuberculate processes, 3 proximal, broader, 2 distal, smaller; column whitish to pale lavender with yellow base and white to rose-purple column wings 5–6 mm. Capsules 1.5 cm.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat: Terrestrial or epiphytic on shrubs and scrub trees in dry thickets
Elevation: 0–10 m

Distribution

Fla., West Indies (Bahamas)

Discussion

Tolumnia bahamensis has been regarded by some authors as a synonym or variety of T. variegata (D. S. Correll 1950; C. L. Withner 1980). Flower morphology helps little in the T. variegata complex (J. D. Ackerman and M. Galarza-Pérez 1991); T. bahamensis differs, however, by being a tetraploid (84 chromosomes) and having semiterete leaves. These features also exist in T. sylvestris (G. J. Braem 1986b), a species of eastern Cuba generally found in high elevation pine forests, a habitat somewhat different from that of either Florida or the Bahamas. Whether or not T. sylvestris and T. bahamensis are conspecific awaits further studies.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broader" is not a number."/4" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Tolumnia bahamensis"
self-pollination +
retuse-apiculate +  and apiculate +
rounded +  and retuse +
outstretched +
Mark W. Chase +  and James D. Ackerman +
(Nash ex Britton & Millspaugh) Braem +
Oncidium bahamense +
indehiscent +
not +  and articulate +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
flattened-3-gonal +  and lanceolate +
triangular +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
tuberculate-lobulate +
smaller +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (?) +
white +  and rose-purple +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Fla. +  and West Indies (Bahamas) +
0–10 m +
3-merous +, sessile +  and pedicellate +
redbrown spots +  and white +
not +  and resupinate +
Terrestrial or epiphytic on shrubs and scrub trees in dry thickets +
lateral +  and terminal +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
petiolate +, sessile +  and simple +
duplicate +, convolute +, whorled +, opposite +, distichous +  and alternate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +  and 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
cauline +  and basal +
semiterete +
reduced +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
redbrown spots +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
pandurate +  and 3-lobed +
large +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
differing in form and color +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
spatulate;pandurate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Flowering Apr–Jun. +
tuberculate +
Orchidee (Hamburg) +
aerial +  and subterranean +
not prominent +
minute +
free +, distinct +, adnate +  and connate +
spatulate +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
3 +  and 2 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
branched +, or +  and simple +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
thickened +  and stout +
concave +  and convex +
Oncidium variegatum +  and Oncidium variegatum subsp. bahamense +
Tolumnia bahamensis +
Tolumnia +
species +
annual +  and perennial +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +