Trillium ludovicianum

Harbison

Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 23. 1901.

Common names: Louisiana trillium
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 111. Mentioned on page 95.

Rhizomes ± horizontal, brownish, short, thick, praemorse, not brittle. Scapes 1–3, round in cross-section, 1.4–2.6 dm, ± slender, glabrous. Bracts held well above ground, sessile; blade strongly mottled in dark and bronzy green, often with central light strip, mottling becoming somewhat obscure with age, lanceolate-ovate, 5.3–9.5 × 2.3–5 cm, not glossy, margins of distal 1/3 convex-curved to apex, apex rounded-acute. Flower erect, odor of carrion; sepals displayed above bracts, spreading, green, lanceolate-oblanceolate, 19–35 × 2.7–4 mm, margins entire, apex rounded or acute to sometimes weakly reflexed; petals long-lasting, faintly introrsely curved-erect-spreading, weakly connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary, dark maroon-brown, purplish, or dull greenish, or 2-colored, basal portion purple, distal portion grayish green, not spirally twisted, oblanceolate-linear, 3.5–5.5 × 0.4–0.8 cm, thick-textured, thickened and weakly clawed basally, margins entire, apex acute; stamens erect, straight, 10–18 mm; filaments olive-orange, 2–3 mm, widened basally; anthers erect, straight, olive to orange, 7–20 mm, slender, dehiscence latrorse; connectives olive to orange, straight, scarcely extended beyond anther sac; ovary purple, ovoid, 6-angled, 8–9 mm; stigmas erect, with spreading or coiled tips, distinct, pale-purple, subulate, 3–6 mm, ± fleshy. Fruits dark purplish green, little or no odor, ovoid, 6-angled, pulpy.


Phenology: Flowering late winter–early spring (early Mar–Apr).
Habitat: Low flatwoods, floodplains along streams, steep ravine slopes leading to floodplains, mixed pine-beech woods
Elevation: 50–500 m

Discussion

The range of Trillium ludovicianum is near to that of T. cuneatum in Mississippi, and the two appear to intergrade.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"compressed-shortened" is not a number. "elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."thicker" is not a number.

... more about "Trillium ludovicianum"
olive +  and orange +
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
more or less equaling or longer +
cordate +  and linear +
slender +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
acute +, lanceolate-oblanceolate +  and rounded-acute +
Frederick W. Case Jr. +
Harbison +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
dilated +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
mottling +  and mottled in dark and bronzy green +
5.3 cm53 mm <br />0.053 m <br /> (9.5 cm95 mm <br />0.095 m <br />) +
lanceolate-ovate +
2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
not mottled +, , +, mottled in darker green or bronze +  and green +
mottled +  and green +
1;several +
obovate;elliptical +
tunicate +  and scaly +
thin-walled +
Louisiana trillium +
olive +  and orange +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
La. +  and Miss. +
yellowish +  and white +
50–500 m +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
baccate +  and capsular +
green;dark purplish +
6-angled +  and ovoid +
Low flatwoods, floodplains along streams, steep ravine slopes leading to floodplains, mixed pine-beech woods +
paired +, paniculate +  and racemose +
persistent +
lanceolate-oblanceolate +
2-colored +, greenish +, dull +, purplish +  and dark maroon-brown +
concealing +
6-angled;ovoid +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
many;several +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
bicolored +, white +, green +, yellow +, maroon +  and dark purple +
long-lasting +
distinct +
curved-erect-spreading +
clawed;obovate;linear +
Flowering late winter–early spring (early Mar–Apr). +
parietal +  and axile +
6-lobed +  and 3-lobed +
Biltmore Bot. Stud. +
branched +, unbranched +  and monopodial +
not brittle +
subterranean +
praemorse +
straight +
erect +  and arising +
slender +
wind-distributed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
alternating +
maroon +  and green +
persistent +
distinct +
acute +  and rounded +
divergent +  and alternating +
2-colored;greenish;dull;purplish;2-colored;greenish;dull;purplish;2-colored;greenish;dull;purplish;dark maroon-brown +
adnate +  and free +
concealing +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
with very short style +, sessile +  and twisted +
pale-purple +
persistent +
subulate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
3 +  and 1 +
Trillium ludovicianum +
Trillium subg. Phyllantherum +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
rhizomatous +  and scapose +
3 +  and 2 +