Trillium reliquum

J. D. Freeman

Brittonia 27: 21, fig. 5. 1975.

Common names: Relict trillium
EndemicConservation concern
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 115. Mentioned on page 91, 94, 116.

Rhizomes short, stout, praemorse. Scapes 1–2, semidecumbent, decumbent, or weakly erect (especially in cultivation), S-shaped, round in cross-section, 0.6–1.8 dm, glabrous. Bracts resting on or near ground surface, horizontally spreading, sessile; blade strongly mottled on each side of central light green stripe in shades of light green, dark green, bronze green, and dark purple, mottling becoming obscure with age, ovate to elliptic, rounded-tapered ± equally from base to tip from widest point, 5–12 × 6–10 cm, apex rounded or weakly acute. Flower borne directly on bracts, odor of putrid meat; sepals divergent, somewhat recurved, green, maroon streaked, lanceolate, 17–42 × 5–9.5 mm, margins entire, flat, apex rounded-acute; petals long-lasting, erect, ± connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary, dark brownish maroon, greenish purple, or streaked with yellow, usually not spirally twisted, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 2.5–5.5 × 0.6–1 cm, thick-textured, margins entire, ± flat, apex acute; stamens erect, incurved, 12–20 mm; filaments ± straight, reddish-brown, 1–2 mm, slender; anthers ± straight, dark purple, 4–20 mm, ± thick, dehiscence introrse; connectives brown-purple, extending 1–2.5 mm beyond anther sacs, apex acute; ovary green-purple, ovoid, 6-angled, 5–10 mm; stigmas erect, divergent-recurved, distinct, linear, 2–4 mm, uniformly thin. Fruits baccate, dark maroon-purple, fragrance unreported, ovoid, 6-winged or angled apically, 0.7–1 cm, pulpy, moist.


Phenology: Flowering late winter–spring (early Mar–Apr).
Habitat: Rich mixed deciduous forested slopes, bluffs, stream-flats, lower slopes at edge of small stream floodplains
Elevation: 50–100 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Trillium reliquum recently has been reported from Alabama; I have not seen specimens from there. Otherwise, the species occurs in Clay, Early, and Richmond counties, Georgia, and in Aiken County, South Carolina. It is currently listed as an endangered species in the United States.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number."compressed-shortened" is not a number. "elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."thicker" is not a number."thin" is not a number.

... more about "Trillium reliquum"
dark purple +
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
more or less equaling or longer +
cordate +  and linear +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
acute +, rounded-acute +  and rounded +
Frederick W. Case Jr. +
J. D. Freeman +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
dilated +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
mottling +, dark purple +, bronze green +, dark green +  and mottled +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
rounded-tapered +, ovate +  and elliptic +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
sessile +, petiolate +  and foliaceous +
not mottled +, , +, mottled in darker green or bronze +  and green +
mottled +  and green +
1;several +
obovate;elliptical +
tunicate +  and scaly +
thin-walled +
Relict trillium +
Ga. +  and S.C. +
yellowish +  and white +
50–100 m +
reddish-brown +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
6-winged +  and baccate +
dark maroon-purple +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Rich mixed deciduous forested slopes, bluffs, stream-flats, lower slopes at edge of small stream floodplains +
paired +, paniculate +  and racemose +
persistent +
putrid +
6-angled;ovoid +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
many;several +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
streaked with yellow +, greenish purple +, maroon +  and dark brownish +
long-lasting +
distinct +
2.5cm;5.5cm +
narrowly elliptic-lanceolate;oblanceolate +
thick-textured +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flowering late winter–spring (early Mar–Apr). +
parietal +  and axile +
6-lobed +  and 3-lobed +
branched +, unbranched +  and monopodial +
subterranean +
semierect +  and horizontal +
praemorse +
straight +
erect +, decumbent +  and semidecumbent +
round +  and s--shaped +
wind-distributed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
maroon streaked +  and green +
persistent +
distinct +
lanceolate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.95 cm9.5 mm <br />0.0095 m <br />) +
Endemic +  and Conservation concern +
divergent +  and alternating +
adnate +  and free +
incurved +  and erect +
staminodial +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
with very short style +, sessile +  and twisted +
persistent +
divergent-recurved +  and erect +
linear +  and subulate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
3 +  and 1 +
Trillium reliquum +
Trillium subg. Phyllantherum +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
rhizomatous +  and scapose +
3 +  and 2 +