familyAsteraceae
tribeAsteraceae tribe Senecioneae
genusTussilago
speciesTussilago farfara

Tussilago farfara

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 865. 1753.

Theodore M. Barkley†
Common names: Coltsfoot
IntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 635.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Basal leaves: blades palmately 5–12-lobed or angled, mostly 5–20+ × 5–20+ cm, margins irregularly denticulate. Cauline leaves mostly 5–25 mm. Calyculi: bractlets 5–15 mm. Phyllaries mostly 7–15 mm. Ray corollas: laminae (2–) 4–10 mm. Disc corollas 10–12 mm. Cypselae 3–4 mm; pappi 8–12 mm, ± surpassing involucres. 2n = 60.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, sandy or rocky soils, calcareous sites
Elevation: 0–800 m

Distribution

V20-1433-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, B.C., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Conn., Ill., Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Tenn., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Eurasia

Discussion

Flowering heads of Tussilago farfara close at night (laminae of ray corollas arch and roll inward). The species is becoming an invasive weed in some areas.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Tussilago farfara"
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2n chromosome quantity
60 +
Abaxial face pubescence
gray-tomentose +
Adaxial face pubescence
glabrescent +  and tomentulose +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Apex relief
papillate +
Apex shape
deltate;lanceolate or penicillate +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage shape
usually ovate +  and lance-linear +
Appendage pubescence
hispidulous +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Array architecture
spiciform +, racemiform +, paniculiform +  and corymbiform +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Author
Theodore M. Barkley† +
Authority
Linnaeus +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Base shape
decurrent +
Blade architecture
nerved +
Blade length
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
Blade shape
angled;5-12-lobed +
Blade width
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
Body architecture
winged;nerved;ribbed +
Bractlet quantity
1;15 +
Bractlet some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Bristle architecture
smooth +  and barbellulate +
Bristle coloration
white +
Bristle pappus duration
persistent +
Bristle quantity
60;100 +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Calyculus quantity
Of 1 (15+ bractlets) +
Cauline leaf some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Common name
Coltsfoot +
Corolla architecture
not 2-lipped +
Corolla coloration
yellowish +  and yellow +
Cypsela architecture
monomorphic +
Cypsela architecture or shape
5(-10)-ribbed +
Cypsela pubescence
glabrous +
Cypsela shape
prismatic +  and cylindric +
Cypsela some measurement
3mm;4mm +
Disc-floret architecture
staminate +
Disc-floret atypical quantity
20 (30) +
Disc-floret quantity
30 (40) +
Disc corolla some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distribution
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon +, B.C. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and Eurasia +
Elevation
0–800 m +
Embryo course
straight +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
Floret atypical quantity
5;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret quantity
1;5 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Habitat
Disturbed sites, sandy or rocky soils, calcareous sites +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head arrangement
singly +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head reproduction
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Introduced
true +
Involucre diameter
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
cylindric;subturbinate +
Lamina atypical some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Lamina some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Lobe atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Lobe orientation
erect +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
lanceolate +  and lance-linear +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate to pinnatifid +  and entire +
Margin shape
denticulate +
Margin texture
scarious +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pappus fragility
fragile +
Pappus life cycle
falling +
Pappus some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
In 1 (3+ series) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Phenology
Flowering spring–summer. +
Phyllarie arrangement or course or shape
lance-linear +  and linear +
Phyllarie duration
persistent +
Phyllarie fusion
distinct +
Phyllarie growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Phyllarie life cycle
falling +
Phyllarie orientation
erect +
Phyllarie quantity
21 (?) +
Phyllarie size
subequal +
Phyllarie some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Phyllarie texture
Herbaceous (Chartaceous) +
Phyllarie variability
equal +
Publication title
Sp. Pl. +
Publication year
1753 +
Ray-floret architecture
pistillate +
Ray-floret atypical quantity
200 (300) +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
100 (200) +
Ray-floret reproduction
fertile +
Receptacle architecture
epaleate +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle relief
foveolate +
Receptacle shape
convex +
Reference
None +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Series quantity
2 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V20 1433.xml +
Special status
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stem quantity
1 +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +
Style shape
not divided +
Synonyms
Compositae +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Tussilago farfara +
Taxon parent
Tussilago +
Taxon rank
species +
Throat shape
campanulate +
Tube length or size
longer +
Volume
Volume 20 +
Whole-organism atypical some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +
Whole-organism some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Whole organism growth form
vine +, tree +, shrub +  and subshrub +
X chromosome quantity
30 +