Verbesina encelioides

(Cavanilles) Bentham & Hooker f. ex A. Gray in W. H. Brewer et al.

in W. H. Brewer et al., Bot. California 1: 350. 1876.

Illustrated
Basionym: Ximenesia encelioides Cavanilles Icon. 2: 60, plate 178. 1793 (as enceliodes)
Synonyms: Verbesina encelioides subsp. exauriculata (B. L. Robinson & Greenman) J. R. Coleman Verbesina encelioides var. exauriculata B. L. Robinson & Greenman
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 108. Mentioned on page 106, 107.

Plants 10–50 (–120+) cm (annuals, internodes not winged). Leaves all or mostly alternate (proximal usually opposite); blades deltate-ovate or rhombic to lanceolate, 3–8 (–12+) × 2–4 (–6+) cm, bases broadly cuneate to ± truncate, margins coarsely toothed to subentire, apices acute to attenuate, faces strigoso-scabrellous to sericeous. Heads usually borne singly, sometimes 2–3+ in loose, cymiform or corymbiform arrays. Involucres ± hemispheric to saucerlike, 10–20+ mm diam. Phyllaries 12–18+ in 1–2 series, ± erect to spreading, lanceovate or lance-linear to linear, 6–8+ mm. Ray-florets (8–) 12–15+; laminae 8–10 (–20+) mm. Disc-florets 80–150+; corollas yellow. Cypselae dark-brown to blackish, narrowly obovate, 3.5–5+ mm, faces ± strigillose; pappi 0.5–1 (–2) mm (0 on ray cypselae). 2n = 34.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Swales, disturbed sites
Elevation: 10–2500 m

Distribution

V21-256-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Fla., Ga., Ill., Iowa, Kans., La., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Wyo., Mexico, West Indies, South America, in Asia, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia

Discussion

Native distribution of Verbesina encelioides in the flora area is uncertain. Plants of Verbesina encelioides from ca. 100°W (e.g., c Texas) and eastward usually have auriculate petiole bases and have been called var. encelioides; plants from the west usually lack auricles and have been called var. exauriculata.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broader" is not a number.

... more about "Verbesina encelioides"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
connate +  and distinct +
acute;attenuate +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
corymbiform +, cymiform +  and loose +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
John L. Strother +
(Cavanilles) Bentham & Hooker f. ex A. Gray in W. H. Brewer et al. +
bristlelike +
subulate +
broadly cuneate +  and more or less truncate +
Ximenesia encelioides +
compound +  and simple +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
rhombic;lanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
dark-brown +  and blackish +
hairy +  and glabrous +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, La. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wyo. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, South America +, in Asia +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +  and Australia +
10–2500 m +
strigillose +  and sericeous +
strigoso-scabrellous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Swales, disturbed sites +
discoid +  and radiate +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
less hemispheric;saucerlike +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
less deltate +  and lance-deltate +
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
coarsely toothed +  and subentire +
2-carpellate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
persistent +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Flowering Aug–Oct. +
less erect +  and spreading +
12 +  and 18 +
unequal +  and subequal +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
in W. H. Brewer et al., Bot. California +
neuter +, styliferous +  and pistillate +
sterile +  and fertile +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;convex or more or less conic +
subulate +
exalbuminous +
Illustrated +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Verbesina encelioides subsp. exauriculata +  and Verbesina encelioides var. exauriculata +
Verbesina encelioides +
Verbesina +
species +
campanulate +
cylindric +
shorter to longer than campanulate +
toothed +  and subentire +
perennial +  and annual +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +