Viola frank-smithii

N. H. Holmgren

Brittonia 44: 303, fig. 1E – H. 1992.

Common names: Frank Smith violet
Conservation concernEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 131. Mentioned on page 117.

Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 1.5–12.5 cm. Stems 1–4, decumbent or ascending to erect, glabrous, on caudex from fleshy rhizome. Leaves basal and cauline; basal: 2–3; stipules lanceolate, margins fimbriate, apex acute; petiole 1.5–6 (–14) cm, glabrous; blade broadly ovate to deltate, 1.3–2.9 (–4.1) × 1.3–2.9 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate, eciliate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous; cauline similar to basal except: petiole 1.3–6.5 cm; blade 1.1–2.2 × 0.7–1.6 cm. Peduncles 2.5–7 (–11.2) cm, glabrous. Flowers: sepals lanceolate to linearlanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 0.5–1.5 mm; all petals usually pale-purple, sometimes almost white adaxially, lateral 2 and lowest purple-veined, lateral and upper 2 violet abaxially, white basally, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 10–16 (–18) mm, spur greenish to pale lime green, gibbous, 1.6–3 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers unknown. Capsules ovoid, 3–7 mm, glabrous. Seeds pale-yellow, 2.4–2.8 mm.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat: Cracks, crevices, and narrow ledges of vertical limestone and dolomite rock faces, humid, shady places
Elevation: 1600–2100 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Viola frank-smithii is endemic to Logan Canyon, Cache County, Utah. N. H. Holmgren (2005d) wrote that it likely has its ancestral ties with V. adunca.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number. "narrow" is not a number.

... more about "Viola frank-smithii"
obtuse;rounded +
not +  and prominent +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
R. John Little +  and Landon E. McKinney† +
N. H. Holmgren +
cordate +  and truncate +
overlapping +
2.9 cm29 mm <br />0.029 m <br /> (4.1 cm41 mm <br />0.041 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
broadly ovate +  and deltate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
muriculate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Frank Smith violet +
ovoid +  and spheroid +
1600–2100 m +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
lateral +  and upper +
2 +  and produced in summer , apetalous or petals +
cleistogamous +
3-valved +  and capsular +
loculicidal +
Cracks, crevices, and narrow ledges of vertical limestone and dolomite rock faces, humid, shady places +
stoloniferous +, rhizomatous +, taprooted +  and simple +
scattered +  and concentrated +
variously--shaped +
1(-3)[-5]-flowered +
petiolate +  and simple +
cauline +  and basal +
unlobed +
not narrowed +
crenate +  and fimbriate +
syngenesious +
crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (11.2 cm112 mm <br />0.112 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
purple-veined +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
white +, violet +  and pale-purple +
lowest +, lateral +  and upper +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jul. +
[2-]3[-5]-carpellate +
deep-seated +
pale-yellow +
ovoid;spherical +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
lanceolate +
subequal +
longitudinal +
Conservation concern +  and Endemic +
acaulescent +  and caulescent +
green +  and greenish to pale lime +
elongated +
gibbous +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
adherent +, not adherent +  and distinct +
leafy +  and simple +
shallow +
deciduous +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
ascending;erect +
subligneous +  and fleshy +
lanceolate +
hollow +  and solid +
beardless +  and bearded +
enlarged +
Chrysion +, Crocion +  and Lophion +
Viola frank-smithii +
species +
not stoloniferous +  and caulescent +
prostrate +  and erect +
hairy +  and glabrous +