Viola quercetorum

M. S. Baker & J. C. Clausen

Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 101. 1948.

Common names: Oakwoods violet
Endemic
Synonyms: Viola purpurea subsp. quercetorum (M. S. Baker & J. C. Clausen) R. J. Little
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 153. Mentioned on page 112, 118, 129.

Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 4–25 (–34.5) cm. Stems 1–5, spreading to erect, leafy proximally and distally, usually elongated by end of season, puberulent to canescent, on caudex from subligneous rhizome. Leaves basal and cauline; basal: 1–6; stipules adnate to petiole, forming 2 linear, membranous wings, each wing with lanceolate to ± deltate projection, margins entire or laciniate, apex usually long-acuminate or divided into narrow, filiform processes; petiole 1.9–9.5 cm, puberulent; blade usually grayish green to whitish, sometimes ± purple-tinted abaxially, green to grayish green adaxially, ± ovate to ± orbiculate, deltate, pandurate, or broadly brownish purple abaxially, lower 3 dark brown-veined, lateral 2 sparsely to densely bearded, lowest 10–16 mm, spur yellow to reddish-brown, gibbous, 1–2 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary. Capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, puberulent. Seeds medium brown, ± 2.7 mm. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Jul.
Habitat: Dry, grassy or brushy slopes, chaparral, in or lower than yellow pine forests
Elevation: 300–2000 m

Discussion

Herbarium specimens of Viola quercetorum and V. purpurea var. purpurea can be difficult to distinguish; pressing obliterates the undulate leaf margins of V. quercetorum. In Oregon, most collections of V. quercetorum are from yellow pine forests (A. Liston, pers. comm.).

Viola quercetorum hybridizes with V. douglasii (J. Clausen 1964).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number. "narrow" is not a number."elongated" is not a number.

... more about "Viola quercetorum"
divided;long-acuminate +
not +  and prominent +
R. John Little +  and Landon E. McKinney† +
M. S. Baker & J. C. Clausen +
overlapping +
brownish purple +, green +  and grayish green +
pandurate +, deltate +, less ovate +  and more or less orbiculate +
muriculate +
ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Oakwoods violet +
Calif. +  and Oreg. +
ovoid +  and spheroid +
300–2000 m +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
2 +  and produced in summer , apetalous or petals +
cleistogamous +
3-valved +  and capsular +
loculicidal +
Dry, grassy or brushy slopes, chaparral, in or lower than yellow pine forests +
stoloniferous +, rhizomatous +, taprooted +  and simple +
scattered +  and concentrated +
variously--shaped +
1(-3)[-5]-flowered +
petiolate +  and simple +
cauline +  and basal +
unlobed +
dark brown-veined +
lowest +  and lateral +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
not narrowed +
eciliate +  and ciliate +
laciniate +  and entire +
syngenesious +
crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
1.9 cm19 mm <br />0.019 m <br /> (9.5 cm95 mm <br />0.095 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Jul. +
[2-]3[-5]-carpellate +
lanceolate;more or less deltate +
Leafl. W. Bot. +
deep-seated +
subligneous +
ovoid;spherical +
medium +
2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br /> (?) +
subequal +
longitudinal +
acaulescent +  and caulescent +
yellow +  and reddish-brown +
elongated +
gibbous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
adherent +, not adherent +  and distinct +
shallow +
deciduous +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
spreading;erect +
puberulent +  and canescent +
subligneous +  and fleshy +
hollow +  and solid +
beardless +  and bearded +
enlarged +
Viola purpurea subsp. quercetorum +
Viola quercetorum +
species +
not stoloniferous +  and caulescent +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (34.5 cm345 mm <br />0.345 m <br />) +
prostrate +  and erect +
hairy +  and glabrous +
membranous +