Vulpia bromoides

(L.) Gray
Common names: Brome fescue
Synonyms: Vulpia deteonensis Festuca dertonensis Festuca brotnoides
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 452.

Culms 5-50 cm, solitary or loosely tufted, erect or decumbent, smooth, scabridulous, or puberulent, unbranched distally. Sheaths glabrous or puberulent; ligules to 0.5 (1) mm; blades usually 2-10 cm long, 0.5-2.5 mm wide, rolled or flat, glabrous or puberulent. Panicles 1.5-15 cm long, 0.5-3 cm wide, conspicuously exserted, with 1 branch per node; branches usually appressed to erect at maturity, without axillary pulvini; pedicels flattened, sometimes clavate distally. Spikelets 5-10 mm, with 4-8 florets, not closely imbricate; rachilla internodes 0.6-1.1 mm. Lower glumes 3.5-5 mm, 1/2 - 4/5 the length of the upper glumes; upper glumes 4.5-9.5 mm, midveins scabrous distally; lemmas 4-8 mm, 5-veined, scabrous distally, apices entire, awns of the lowermost lemma in each spikelet 2-13 mm; paleas 4-6.3 mm, equaling or shorter than the lemmas, minutely bifid; anthers 0.4-0.6 (1.5) mm. Caryopses 3.5-5 mm. 2n = 14.

Distribution

Wash., Del., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Fla., Puerto Rico, N.Mex., Tex., La., Idaho, Oreg., N.C., Tenn., N.Y., Nev., Va., Calif., Ala., Ark., Ga., Maine, Okla., S.C., Ill., Ariz., Mass., Ohio, Utah, Mo., B.C., N.W.T., Mont., Ky.

Discussion

Vulpia bromoides is a common European species that grows in wet to dry, open habitats. It is adventive and naturalized in North and South America. In North America, it is most common on the west coast, where it grows from British Columbia to northern Baja California; it occurs sparingly in other regions.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Vulpia bromoides"
membranous +  and scarious +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (?) +
3 +  and 1 +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
acute +  and acuminate mucronate or awned +
Robert I. Lonard +
(L.) Gray +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
not evident +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
flat +  and rolled +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
usually appressed;erect +
spikelike +
Brome fescue +
tufted +  and solitary +
decumbent +  and erect +
puberulent +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
not woody +
Wash. +, Del. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Fla. +, Puerto Rico +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Idaho +, Oreg. +, N.C. +, Tenn. +, N.Y. +, Nev. +, Va. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ga. +, Maine +, Okla. +, S.C. +, Ill. +, Ariz. +, Mass. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mo. +, B.C. +, N.W.T. +, Mont. +  and Ky. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
4 +  and 8 +
sterile +  and bisexual +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
subulate +  and lanceolate +
unequal +
uncinate +
lanceolate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
membranous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
1/2 +  and 4/5 +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.63 cm6.3 mm <br />0.0063 m <br />) +
1.5cm +  and 15cm +
spikelike +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
clavate +  and flattened +
dry +  and fleshy +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
1 +  and 60 +
compressed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Vulpia deteonensis +, Festuca dertonensis +  and Festuca brotnoides +
Vulpia bromoides +
species +
membranous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.95 cm9.5 mm <br />0.0095 m <br />) +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
perennial +  and annual +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +