View source for Anemone patens var. multifida

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Anemone patens var. multifida
|accepted_authority=Pritzel
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Linnaea
|place=15: 581. 1841
|year=1841
}}
|common_names=Pasqueflower;prairie-smoke;prairie-crocus;pulsatille
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Anemone patens var. nuttalliana
|authority=(de Candolle) A. Gray
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Anemone patens var. wolfgangiana
|authority=(Besser) Koch
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pulsatilla patens subsp. asiatica
|authority=Krylov & Sergievskaja
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pulsatilla patens subsp. multifida
|authority=(Pritzel) Zämelis
|rank=subspecies
}}
|hierarchy=Ranunculaceae;Anemone;Anemone patens;Anemone patens var. multifida
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ranunculaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Anemone]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Anemone patens]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>variety</small>[[Anemone patens var. multifida]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="shoot location;shoot atypical some measurement;shoot some measurement;caudex orientation"><b>Aerial </b>shoots 5-40 (-60) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="basal leaf atypical quantity;basal leaf atypical quantity;basal leaf quantity;basal leaf architecture;leaflet shape"><b>Basal </b>leaves (3-) 5-8 (-10), primarily 3-foliolate with each leaflet dichotomously dissected;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="petiole atypical some measurement;petiole some measurement">petiole 5-10 (-13) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="terminal leaflet architecture;terminal leaflet shape;terminal leaflet atypical some measurement;terminal leaflet some measurement;base shape;margin shape;apex shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">terminal leaflet petiolulate to nearly sessile, obovate in outline, (2.5-) 3-5 cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins dichotomously dissected throughout, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous, rarely glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="lateral leaflet shape">lateral leaflets 3-4×-parted (±dichotomously);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="ultimate segment width">ultimate segments 2-4 mm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>1-flowered;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle pubescence;peduncle pubescence">peduncle villous or glabrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="involucral-bract quantity;involucral-bract arrangement;involucral-bract architecture;involucral-bract atypical some measurement;involucral-bract some measurement;base architecture or fixation;base fusion;margin shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">involucral-bracts primarily 3, 1-tiered, simple, dissimilar to basal leaves, (2-) 2.5-4 cm, bases clasping, connate, margins deeply laciniate throughout, surfaces villous, rarely glabrous to nearly glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="segment quantity;segment shape;segment shape;segment width;segment width">segments usually 4-6, filiform to linear, unlobed, 1-2 (-3) mm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal atypical length;sepal length;sepal atypical width;sepal width;sepal pubescence;sepal pubescence"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 5-8, blue, purple, to rarely nearly white, oblong to elliptic, (18-) 20-40 × (8-) 10-15 mm, abaxially villous, adaxially glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="petal presence">petals present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 150-200.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="head shape"><b>Heads </b>of achenes spheric to ovoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pedicel atypical some measurement;pedicel some measurement">pedicel 10-18 (-22) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="body shape;body atypical length;body length;body width;body architecture;body pubescence"><b>Achenes:</b> body ellipsoid to obovoid, 3-4 (-6) × ca. 1 mm, not winged, villous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="">beak curved, 20-40 mm, long-villous, plumose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="beak course;beak some measurement;beak pubescence;beak shape;2n chromosome quantity">2n=16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Aug).
|habitat=Prairies, open slopes, sometimes open woods or granite outcrops in woods
|elevation=100-3800 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Iowa;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wis.;Wyo.;Eurasia
|discussion=<p>Anemone patens var. multifida has frequently been recognized as a subspecies of A. patens. Although A. patens var. wolfgangiana has been used by some authors, A. patens var. multifida has priority.</p><!--
--><p>Pasqueflower (as Anemone patens var. wolfgangiana) is the floral emblem of Manitoba and (as Pulsatilla hirsutissima) the state flower of South Dakota.</p><!--
--><p>Native Americans used fresh leaves of Anemone patens var. multifida medicinally to treat rheumatism and neuralgia; crushed leaves for poultices; pulverized leaves to smell to alleviate headaches; and made decoctions from roots to treat lung problems (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p><!--
--><p>The names Pulsatilla hirsutissima (Pursh) Britton and P. ludoviciana A. Heller are illegitimate.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Anemone patens var. multifida
|authority=Pritzel
|rank=variety
|parent rank=species
|synonyms=Anemone patens var. nuttalliana;Anemone patens var. wolfgangiana;Pulsatilla patens subsp. asiatica;Pulsatilla patens subsp. multifida
|basionyms=
|family=Ranunculaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Aug).
|habitat=Prairies, open slopes, sometimes open woods or granite outcrops in woods
|elevation=100-3800 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Iowa;Minn.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wis.;Wyo.;Eurasia
|reference=None
|publication title=Linnaea
|publication year=1841
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_243.xml
|genus=Anemone
|species=Anemone patens
|variety=Anemone patens var. multifida
|2n chromosome quantity=16
|apex shape=acute;obtuse
|basal leaf architecture=3-foliolate
|basal leaf atypical quantity=8;10
|basal leaf quantity=5;8
|base architecture or fixation=clasping
|base fusion=connate
|base shape=cuneate
|beak course=curved
|beak pubescence=long-villous
|beak shape=plumose
|beak some measurement=20mm;40mm
|body architecture=not winged
|body atypical length=4mm;6mm
|body length=3mm;4mm
|body pubescence=villous
|body shape=ellipsoid;obovoid
|body width=1
|caudex orientation=ascending;vertical
|head shape=spheric;ovoid
|inflorescence architecture=1-flowered
|involucral-bract architecture=simple
|involucral-bract arrangement=1-tiered
|involucral-bract atypical some measurement=2cm;2.5cm
|involucral-bract quantity=3
|involucral-bract some measurement=2.5cm;4cm
|lateral leaflet shape=3-4×-parted
|leaflet shape=dissected
|margin shape=laciniate;dissected
|pedicel atypical some measurement=18cm;22cm
|pedicel some measurement=10cm;18cm
|peduncle pubescence=glabrate;villous
|petal presence=absent
|petiole atypical some measurement=10cm;13cm
|petiole some measurement=5cm;10cm
|segment quantity=4;6
|segment shape=unlobed;filiform;linear
|segment width=1mm;2mm
|sepal atypical length=18mm;20mm
|sepal atypical width=8mm;10mm
|sepal coloration=purple;rarely nearly white
|sepal length=20mm;40mm
|sepal pubescence=glabrous;villous
|sepal quantity=5;8
|sepal shape=oblong;elliptic
|sepal width=10mm;15mm
|shoot atypical some measurement=40cm;60cm
|shoot location=aerial
|shoot some measurement=5cm;40cm
|stamen quantity=150;200
|surface pubescence=rarely glabrous;nearly glabrous
|terminal leaflet architecture=petiolulate;nearly sessile
|terminal leaflet atypical some measurement=2.5cm;3cm
|terminal leaflet shape=obovate
|terminal leaflet some measurement=3cm;5cm
|ultimate segment width=2mm;4mm
}}<!--

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[[Category:Treatment]]
[[Category:Anemone patens]]
[[Category:Revised Since Print]]