View source for Crataegus laurentiana

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Crataegus laurentiana
|accepted_authority=Sargent
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Rhodora
|place=3: 77. 1901
|year=1901
}}
|common_names=Laurentian hawthorn
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Crataegus brunetiana
|authority=Sargent
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. brunetiana var. fernaldii
|authority=(Sargent) E. J. Palmer
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. fernaldii
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. laurentiana var. brunetiana
|authority=(Sargent) Kruschke
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Crataegus;Crataegus laurentiana
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Crataegus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Crataegus laurentiana]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 516, 517, 594, 595
|treatment_page=page 640
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs,</b> 30–50 dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk architecture;trunk width;trunk fragility or size"><b>Stems:</b> trunks much-branched, thick, stout;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="twig course;twig fragility or size;growth life cycle;growth coloration;growth pubescence;growth pubescence;growth life cycle;growth coloration;growth reflectance;growth life cycle;growth coloration">twigs strongly flexuous, stout, new growth light orange-green to dark green, tomentose, soon glabrescent, 1-year old bright orangebrown, very lustrous, older gray;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="thorn life cycle;thorn reflectance;thorn coloration;thorn coloration;thorn fragility or size;thorn some measurement;twig orientation">thorns on twigs often retrorse, 1-year old lustrous chestnut-brown to very dark redbrown, very stout, 5–7.5 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf duration"><b>Leaves </b>deciduous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="stipule coloration;stipule shape;stipule some measurement;stipule architecture or shape">stipules bright red before falling, lanceolate to oblanceolate, 8–15 mm, finely glandular-serrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="petiole coloration;petiole size;petiole length;petiole pubescence;petiole life cycle;petiole pubescence;petiole architecture;petiole architecture or function or pubescence;petiole life cycle;gland duration;gland coloration;gland size">petiole often dark red after mid summer, stout to slender, length 40–50% blade, distally ± broadly winged, villous young, glabrescent, deeply grooved, sessile-glandular young, glands caducous, dark, small;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="blade coloration;blade coloration;blade coloration;blade shape;blade some measurement;blade width;blade texture;base shape;lobe quantity;lobe quantity;sinuse depth;sinuse size or width;lobe apex shape;margin architecture or shape;margin quantity;vein architecture;apex shape;apex shape;apex reflectance;abaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface pubescence;midvein fragility or size;vein coloration;vein pubescence;adaxial base coloration;adaxial base pubescence">blade in early spring yellow-green, dark green, abaxially paler, oblong to oblong-obovate or ovate to rhombic (suborbiculate in var. dissimilifolia), 4–6 cm, thin to subcoriaceous, base gradually or abruptly narrowed from near middle, lobes 4 or 5 per side, sinuses ± deep except in var. dissimilifolia, LII 20–33%, narrow, lobe apex acute, margins sharply glandular-serrate except proximally, venation craspedodromous, veins 5 per side, apex acute or acuminate, matte, abaxial surface with stout midvein, glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy, veins sparsely white villous, adaxial pale, short-appressed-hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture or arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>6–15-flowered, lax;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="branch pubescence">branches hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="bracteole duration;bracteole coloration;bracteole coloration;bracteole arrangement or course or shape;bracteole texture;margin architecture or shape">bracteoles caducous, pallid bright red, linear, membranous, margins finely glandular-serrate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower diameter;flower diameter"><b>Flowers </b>15 (–20) mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="hypanthium coloration;hypanthium growth form;hypanthium pubescence;hypanthium pubescence">hypanthium externally pale, long-matted hairy at base, internally glabrate to puberulous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="sepal orientation;sepal height or length or size;sepal size or width;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;abaxial surface pubescence;adaxial surface pubescence">sepals reflexed, shorter than petals, narrow, margins conspicuously glandular-serrate, apex acuminate, abaxial surface glabrate, adaxial villous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="stamen quantity;anther coloration;anther coloration;anther coloration">stamens 10, anthers cream or pale-pink, fading purple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style quantity">styles 3–5.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="infructescence orientation;infructescence orientation;branch pubescence;branch coloration;branch shape;branch some measurement"><b>Pomes </b>in drooping or erect infructescences, branches slightly villous, red to dark crimson, oblong to pyriform, 8–15 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="flesh coloration;flesh width;flesh taste;flesh texture">flesh yellow, thin, becoming sweet and succulent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="sepal prominence;sepal fixation or orientation;cavity depth;cavity width">sepals prominent, appressed, with deep, wide cavity;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="pyrene quantity;pyrene quantity;pyrene width;pyrene width;pyrene some measurement;pyrene architecture;side relief;side relief;side relief">pyrenes (3 or) 4 or 5, thick, wide, 6 mm, dorsally prominently grooved, sides ± roughened, irregularly eroded or pitted.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct.
|habitat=Brush, open woods, rocky pastures
|elevation=20–200 m
|distribution=Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Que.;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>Crataegus laurentiana was considered a sporadic entity of the northeast and Wisconsin until the recent discovery of a large population in Minnesota.</p><!--
--><p>Hybrid origin for Crataegus laurentiana between a ser. Macracanthae species and C. chrysocarpa in the broad sense, or C. jonesiae, is supported by intermediacy and sympatry of the suspected parents. Chrysocarpoid characteristics include leaf shape and glandular petioles; macracanthoid traits include late anthesis, pink anthers, and variably eroded pyrene sides.</p><!--
--><p>Specimens from Newfoundland and Quebec are var. laurentiana and are characterized by larger but proportionately narrow leaves, thicker and paler twigs, and pink, normal-sized (1 mm) anthers. They may be distinguished from the partly sympatric var. brunetiana by the smaller and proportionately broader leaves of the latter, and cream anthers, more like Crataegus chrysocarpa. In both forms, the leaves abaxially have conspicuously appressed-pilose veins. A Maine variant is atypically arborescent.</p><!--
--><p>The rare var. dissimilifolia Kruschke from northern Wisconsin has white-cream anthers but larger and more nearly isodiametric, shallowly incised leaves. Similar, also rare, plants from southern Manitoba have pink anthers. Stature and leaf size and shape in both of these place them outside the range of C. chrysocarpa; perhaps C. submollis is a parent.</p><!--
--><p>Unnamed populations from a large area in northeastern Minnesota are the most biologically interesting. They are self-perpetuating and, compared to other forms, have more slender twigs that are generally very dark in their second year, like Crataegus macracantha, smaller leaves, somewhat impressed leaf venation, small (0.6 mm), pink anthers, and ellipsoid fruits.</p><!--
--><p>Crataegus fernaldii is a rare form from Maine and Quebec with lax, elongated, extremely villous corymbs, large flowers (20 mm diam.), pink anthers, and large, pear-shaped fruits gracefully drooping in wide clusters on their long stems.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Crataegus laurentiana
|authority=Sargent
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Crataegus brunetiana;C. brunetiana var. fernaldii;C. fernaldii;C. laurentiana var. brunetiana
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct.
|habitat=Brush, open woods, rocky pastures
|elevation=20–200 m
|distribution=Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Que.;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Rhodora
|publication year=1901
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9_1101.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae
|genus=Crataegus
|species=Crataegus laurentiana
|abaxial surface pubescence=glabrate;hairy;glabrous
|adaxial base coloration=pale
|adaxial base pubescence=short-appressed-hairy
|adaxial surface pubescence=villous
|anther coloration=fading purple;pale-pink;cream
|apex reflectance=matte
|apex shape=acuminate;acuminate;acute
|base shape=narrowed
|blade coloration=paler;dark green;yellow-green
|blade shape=oblong;oblong-obovate or ovate
|blade some measurement=4cm;6cm
|blade texture=subcoriaceous
|blade width=thin
|bracteole arrangement or course or shape=linear
|bracteole coloration=red;pallid bright
|bracteole duration=caducous
|bracteole texture=membranous
|branch coloration=red;dark crimson
|branch pubescence=villous;hairy
|branch shape=oblong;pyriform
|branch some measurement=8mm;15mm
|cavity depth=deep
|cavity width=wide
|flesh coloration=yellow
|flesh taste=sweet
|flesh texture=succulent
|flesh width=thin
|flower diameter=15;15mm;20mm
|gland coloration=dark
|gland duration=caducous
|gland size=small
|growth coloration=gray;bright orangebrown;light orange-green;dark green
|growth life cycle=older;old;new
|growth pubescence=glabrescent;tomentose
|growth reflectance=lustrous
|hypanthium coloration=pale
|hypanthium growth form=long-matted
|hypanthium pubescence=internally glabrate;puberulous
|inflorescence architecture=6-15-flowered
|inflorescence architecture or arrangement=lax
|infructescence orientation=erect;drooping
|leaf duration=deciduous
|lobe apex shape=acute
|lobe quantity=5;4
|margin architecture or shape=glandular-serrate;glandular-serrate;glandular-serrate
|margin quantity=5
|midvein fragility or size=stout
|petiole architecture=grooved
|petiole architecture or function or pubescence=sessile-glandular
|petiole coloration=dark red
|petiole length=winged
|petiole life cycle=young;young
|petiole pubescence=glabrescent;villous
|petiole size=stout;slender
|pyrene architecture=grooved
|pyrene quantity=5;4
|pyrene some measurement=6
|pyrene width=wide;thick
|sepal fixation or orientation=appressed
|sepal height or length or size=shorter
|sepal orientation=reflexed
|sepal prominence=prominent
|sepal size or width=narrow
|side relief=pitted;eroded;roughened
|sinuse depth=deep
|sinuse size or width=narrow
|stamen quantity=10
|stipule architecture or shape=glandular-serrate
|stipule coloration=bright red
|stipule shape=lanceolate;oblanceolate
|stipule some measurement=8mm;15mm
|style quantity=3;5
|thorn coloration=dark redbrown;chestnut-brown
|thorn fragility or size=stout
|thorn life cycle=old
|thorn reflectance=lustrous
|thorn some measurement=5cm;7.5cm
|trunk architecture=much-branched
|trunk fragility or size=stout
|trunk width=thick
|twig course=flexuous
|twig fragility or size=stout
|twig orientation=retrorse
|vein architecture=craspedodromous
|vein coloration=white
|vein pubescence=villous
|whole_organism growth form=shrub
|whole_organism some measurement=30dm;50dm
}}<!--

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