View source for Fritillaria atropurpurea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Fritillaria atropurpurea
|accepted_authority=Nuttall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia
|place=7: 54. 1834
|year=1834
}}
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fritillaria adamantina
|authority=M. Peck
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fritillaria gracillima
|authority=Smiley
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Fritillaria linearis
|authority=J. M. Coulter & Fisher
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Fritillaria;Fritillaria atropurpurea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Fritillaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Fritillaria atropurpurea]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 165, 166, 170
|treatment_page=page 167
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="bulb scale size;bulb scale quantity"><b>Bulb </b>scales: large 2–5;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="bulb scale size;bulb scale quantity">small 45–50.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem some measurement"><b>Stem </b>1–6 dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf some measurement;leaf height or length or size;leaf quantity"><b>Leaves </b>in whorls of 2–3 leaves per node proximally, 4–12 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape">blade linear to lanceolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="proximalmost leaf variability">distal leaves usually slightly less than or equaling proximalmost leaf.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower orientation"><b>Flowers </b>nodding;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="perianth architecture">perianth widely open;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="tepal coloration;tepal coloration;tepal coloration;tepal shape;tepal some measurement;margin shape;apex orientation">tepals purplish brown, clearly mottled yellow or white, oblong to ± diamond-shaped, 1–2.5 cm, margins flat to revolute, apex not recurved;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="nectary prominence;nectary position relational;nectary coloration;nectary arrangement or shape">nectaries obscure, covering most of tepals, yellow with dark reddish dots, elliptic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="style length">style obviously branched for more than 1/2 its length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="branch some measurement">branches longer than 1.5 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="capsule shape"><b>Capsules </b>acutely angled.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering May–Jul.
|habitat=Leaf mold under trees and shrubs
|elevation=1000–3200 m.
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wyo.
|discussion=<p>This species has the widest geographic distribution in the genus. It is easily confused with Fritillaria pinetorum as there is no one consistent, distinguishing trait. These two species are most easily identified in the field, but herbarium specimens can be successfully identified using a combination of flower posture and cauline leaf traits. In F. pinetorum the flowers are almost always erect, although some of the flowers may be ± spreading. In F. atropurpurea the flowers are nodding, with some flowers sometimes ± spreading. The habit of the flowers can be easily confused in pressed specimens, so careful attention to cauline leaf traits works best for them. Fritillaria pinetorum has long proximalmost cauline leaves that surpass the inflorescence, whereas the proximalmost cauline leaves in F. atropurpurea almost never exceed the inflorescence. For accurate identifications, it is best to look at several individuals from a location.</p><!--
--><p>The Lakota tribe used the whole plant of this species as a cancer cure. Plants were pulverized into a salve and applied to scrofulous swellings.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Fritillaria atropurpurea
|authority=Nuttall
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Fritillaria adamantina;Fritillaria gracillima;Fritillaria linearis
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|phenology=Flowering May–Jul.
|habitat=Leaf mold under trees and shrubs
|elevation=1000–3200 m.
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.Mex.;N.Dak.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Utah;Wyo.
|reference=None
|publication title=J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia
|publication year=1834
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_281.xml
|genus=Fritillaria
|species=Fritillaria atropurpurea
|apex orientation=not recurved
|blade shape=linear;lanceolate
|branch some measurement=1.5
|bulb scale quantity=45;50
|bulb scale size=small;large
|capsule shape=angled
|flower orientation=nodding
|leaf height or length or size=usually shorter
|leaf quantity=2;3
|leaf some measurement=4cm;12cm
|margin shape=flat;revolute
|nectary arrangement or shape=elliptic
|nectary coloration=yellow with dark reddish dots
|nectary position relational=covering
|nectary prominence=obscure
|perianth architecture=open
|proximalmost leaf variability=equaling
|stem some measurement=1dm;6dm
|style length=branched
|tepal coloration=white;mottled yellow;purplish brown
|tepal shape=oblong;more or less diamond-shaped
|tepal some measurement=1cm;2.5cm
}}<!--

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