View source for Monotropa ← Monotropa You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Monotropa |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=1: 387. 1753 |year=1753 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. ed. |place=5, 183. 1754 , }} |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Ericaceae;Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae;Monotropa |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ericaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Monotropa]]</div></div> |etymology=Greek monos, one, and tropos, turn or direction, alluding to flowers all turned in one direction on inflorescence axis |volume=Volume 8 |mention_page=page 371, 373 |treatment_page=page 392 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism architecture;whole_organism nutrition;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> achlorophyllous, heterotrophic.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem presence"><b>Stems </b>absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf presence"><b>Leaves </b>absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="inflorescences raceme orientation;inflorescences raceme orientation;inflorescences flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;inflorescences flower orientation;inflorescences flower orientation;axis texture;axis texture;axis duration;axis coloration;axis some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>racemes or solitary flowers, nodding at emergence from soil, becoming erect in fruit, axis fleshy and fibrous, persistent after seed dispersal, white or yellowish to orange or reddish, 0.1–1 cm diam. proximal to proximalmost flower.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="pedicel orientation;pedicel length or size"><b>Pedicels </b>nodding at anthesis, somewhat longer in fruit;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bracteole presence">bracteoles sometimes present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower architecture or shape;flower orientation"><b>Flowers </b>radially symmetric, nodding;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sepal presence;sepal atypical quantity;sepal atypical quantity;sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape">sepals absent or (3–) 4–5 (–6), distinct, lanceolate, oblong, spatulate, or elliptic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal atypical quantity;petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal fusion;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;abaxial surface pubescence;hair arrangement;corolla pubescence;corolla shape">petals (3–) 4–5 (–6), distinct, white to pinkish, reddish, yellowish, or orange, without basal tubercles, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface with scattered hairs or hairy, corolla tubular-campanulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="nectary disc presence">intrastaminal nectary disc present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stamen atypical quantity;stamen quantity;stamen position">stamens 8–10 (–14), included;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament size;filament width;filament pubescence;filament pubescence">filaments ± uniformly slender or slightly broader proximally than distally, glabrous or sparsely hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther shape;anther dehiscence;slit quantity">anthers transversely ellipsoid to depressed-ovoid or horseshoe-shaped, without awns, without tubules, dehiscent by 1 slit;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pistil architecture">pistil (4–) 5 (–6) -carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="">ovary (4–) 5 (–6) -locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary placentation">placentation axile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="style course;style size;style size">style straight, stout or slender;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="stigma shape">stigma umbilicate to funnelform, with or without subtending ring of hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit orientation;fruit dehiscence;fruit dehiscence;tissue quantity;tissue pubescence;tissue prominence;valve architecture or dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>capsular, erect, dehiscent basipetally loculicidal, no cobwebby tissue exposed by splitting valves at dehiscence.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>100+, oblong-fusiform, mostly membranously winged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;seed architecture;x chromosome quantity">x = 8.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;n South America;Europe;Asia |discussion=<p>Hypopitys Hill</p><!-- --><p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Molecular studies have demonstrated the paraphyletic nature of Monotropa and clarified relationships among some of the allied monotypic genera. A treatment realigning several genera of the achlorophyllous heterotrophs is not yet completed. Therefore, Monotropa here includes M. hypopitys and M. uniflora.</p><!-- --><p>Studies by K. W. Cullings (2000) and M. I. Bidartondo and T. D. Bruns (2001, 2002) suggest recognition of potential infraspecific taxa in Monotropa uniflora and M. hypopitys as well as the presence of cryptic species within M. hypopitys.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Inflorescences solitary flowers; sepals similar to bracts; nectary lobes elongate, curved about filament bases; stigmas broadly funnelform, without subtending ring of hairs; capsule segments stout, persistent after seed dispersal. |[[Monotropa uniflora|Monotropa uniflora]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Inflorescences racemes, rarely solitary flowers; sepals not similar to bracts; nectary lobes not elongate or curved about filament bases; stigmas umbilicate, often with subtending ring of hairs; capsule segments thin, often some fall away after seed dispersal. |[[Monotropa hypopitys|Monotropa hypopitys]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Monotropa |author=Gary D. Wallace |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=subfamily |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Ericaceae |distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;n South America;Europe;Asia |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. |publication year=1753; |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V8/V8_740.xml |subfamily=Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae |genus=Monotropa |abaxial surface pubescence=glabrous |anther dehiscence=dehiscent |anther shape=transversely ellipsoid;depressed-ovoid or horseshoe-shaped |axis coloration=yellowish;orange or reddish |axis duration=persistent |axis some measurement=0.1cm;1cm |axis texture=fibrous;fleshy |bracteole presence=absent |corolla pubescence=hairy |corolla shape=tubular-campanulate |filament pubescence=hairy;glabrous |filament size=slender |filament width=broader |flower architecture or shape=symmetric |flower orientation=nodding |fruit architecture=capsular |fruit dehiscence=loculicidal;dehiscent |fruit orientation=erect |hair arrangement=scattered |inflorescences flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |inflorescences flower orientation=erect;nodding |inflorescences raceme orientation=erect;nodding |leaf presence=absent |nectary disc presence=absent |ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=(4-)5(-6)-locular |ovary placentation=axile |pedicel length or size=longer |pedicel orientation=nodding |petal atypical quantity=5;6 |petal coloration=white;pinkish reddish yellowish or orange |petal fusion=distinct |petal quantity=4;5 |pistil architecture=(4-)5(-6)-carpellate |seed architecture=winged |seed shape=oblong-fusiform |sepal atypical quantity=5;6 |sepal fusion=distinct |sepal presence=absent |sepal quantity=4;5 |sepal shape=elliptic;spatulate;elliptic;spatulate;oblong;lanceolate |slit quantity=1 |stamen atypical quantity=10;14 |stamen position=included |stamen quantity=8;10 |stem presence=absent |stigma shape=umbilicate |style course=straight |style size=slender;stout |tissue prominence=exposed |tissue pubescence=cobwebby |tissue quantity=no |valve architecture or dehiscence=splitting |whole_organism architecture=achlorophyllous |whole_organism growth form=herb |whole_organism nutrition=heterotrophic |x chromosome quantity=8 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ericaceae subfam. Monotropoideae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Ericaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Monotropa.