View source for Rubus trivialis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Rubus trivialis
|accepted_authority=Michaux
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|place=1: 296. 1803
|year=1803
}}
|common_names=Southern dewberry
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Rubus agilis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. continentalis
|authority=(Focke) L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. duplaris
|authority=Shinners
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. ictus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. lucidus
|authority=Rydberg
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. macvaughii
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. mirus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. nessianus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. riograndis
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. rubrisetus
|authority=Rydberg
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. sons
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=R. tallahasseanus
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae;Rosaceae tribe Rubeae;Rubus;Rubus trivialis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Rubeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Rubus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Rubus trivialis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 32, 39
|treatment_page=page 54
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism position;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs,</b> to 3 (–7) dm, sometimes climbing higher through other vegetation, moderately to densely armed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem duration;stem orientation;stem life cycle;stem growth form or orientation;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem height or length or size;stem pubescence;stem coating"><b>Stems </b>biennial, initially low-arching, then falling and creeping (or climbing through other vegetation), glabrous or moderately hairy, sparsely to densely short to long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="prickle size;prickle density;prickle orientation;prickle size;prickle some measurement;prickle shape">prickles moderate to dense, recurved, sometimes distally slender, 1–4 mm, broad-based;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bristle presence;bristle quantity;bristle orientation;bristle coloration;bristle coloration;bristle size;bristle fragility;bristle architecture">bristles absent or sparse to dense, erect to retrorse, red to purple, rarely green, slender, weak, gland-tipped.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf duration;leaf duration;leaf architecture;leaf reflectance"><b>Leaves </b>persistent or semipersistent, ternate to palmately compound, lustrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="stipule shape;stipule shape;stipule shape;stipule shape;stipule shape;stipule atypical some measurement;stipule some measurement">stipules filiform, linear, or lanceolate, 2–12 (–15) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaflet quantity;leaflet position or structure subtype;leaflet shape;leaflet length;leaflet width;base shape;base shape;margin architecture or shape;margin shape or architecture;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;abaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface architecture;abaxial surface pubescence;prickle shape">leaflets 3–5, terminal narrowly elliptic or ovate to obovate, 2–8.5 × 0.7–4.5 cm, base rounded to cuneate, unlobed, margins moderately to coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on midvein, glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy, eglandular or sparsely short-stipitate-glandular along central vein.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence position;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal on short-shoots, usually appearing axillary, 1 (–3) -flowered.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bristle size;bristle density;bristle orientation;bristle pubescence;bristle architecture;bristle pubescence"><b>Pedicels:</b> prickles and, often, bristles moderate to dense, recurved, moderately to densely hairy, sparsely to moderately sessile to short-stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="petal coloration;petal shape;petal atypical some measurement;petal some measurement">petals white to pink, elliptic to obovate, 10–16 (–25) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament shape">filaments filiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="ovary pubescence">ovaries glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit atypical some measurement;fruit some measurement"><b>Fruits </b>black, globose to ovoid, 1–1.5 (–2) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="torus fixation">drupelets 10–50, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="drupelet quantity;drupelet fusion;drupelet arrangement;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jan–Jun.
|habitat=Open woodlands, savannas, prairies, meadows, sand dunes, disturbed areas, dry to seasonally wet soil
|elevation=0–200 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;Mexico (Coahuila);Mexico (Nuevo León);Mexico (Tamaulipas)
|discussion=<p>Rubus trivialis is distinguished from other species of Rubus by its frequently glandular-bristly and generally creeping stems, abundant recurved prickles, and typically persistent or semipersistent, lustrous primocane leaves with relatively narrow leaflets. Although emerging primocanes typically reach to 30 cm above the ground, vigorous plants can have new primocanes standing erect to 70 cm that later fall to the ground or onto adjacent vegetation as they continue to enlarge. L. H. Bailey (1941–1945) believed that there was no clear separation between members of sect. Persistentes Fernald (referred to by Bailey as sect. Verotriviales [illegitimate sectional name for R. trivialis and associated species]) and sect. Procumbentes (by Bailey as sect. Flagellares; including R. flagellaris and related species). All characteristics that he recognized for distinguishing sect. Persistentes from sect. Procumbentes are often present in the latter, with the exception of hispid-setose stems, and glabrous plants of R. trivialis are difficult to distinguish from some plants of R. flagellaris; to include the latter species within the former would be reasonable.</p><!--
--><p>Rubus ×inferior L. H. Bailey is a putative hybrid of R. trivialis and R. cuneifolius.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Rubus trivialis
|authority=Michaux
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Rubus agilis;R. continentalis;R. duplaris;R. ictus;R. lucidus;R. macvaughii;R. mirus;R. nessianus;R. riograndis;R. rubrisetus;R. sons;R. tallahasseanus
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jan–Jun.
|habitat=Open woodlands, savannas, prairies, meadows, sand dunes, disturbed areas, dry to seasonally wet soil
|elevation=0–200 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;Mexico (Coahuila);Mexico (Nuevo León);Mexico (Tamaulipas)
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|publication year=1803
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9_76.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Rubeae
|genus=Rubus
|species=Rubus trivialis
|2n chromosome quantity=14
|abaxial surface architecture=eglandular
|abaxial surface pubescence=short-stipitate-glandular;glabrous or;sparsely moderately hairy
|apex shape=acute;acuminate
|base shape=unlobed;rounded;cuneate
|bristle architecture=sessile;gland-tipped
|bristle coloration=green;red;purple
|bristle density=dense
|bristle fragility=weak
|bristle orientation=recurved;erect;retrorse
|bristle presence=absent
|bristle pubescence=short-stipitate-glandular;hairy
|bristle quantity=sparse to dense
|bristle size=moderate;slender
|drupelet arrangement=separating
|drupelet fusion=coherent
|drupelet quantity=10;50
|filament shape=filiform
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruit atypical some measurement=1.5cm;2cm
|fruit coloration=black
|fruit shape=globose;ovoid
|fruit some measurement=1cm;1.5cm
|inflorescence architecture=1(-3)-flowered
|inflorescence position=axillary
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|leaf architecture=ternate;palmately compound
|leaf duration=semipersistent;persistent
|leaf reflectance=lustrous
|leaflet length=2cm;8.5cm
|leaflet position or structure subtype=terminal
|leaflet quantity=3;5
|leaflet shape=ovate;obovate
|leaflet width=0.7cm;4.5cm
|margin architecture or shape=serrate;serrate
|margin shape or architecture=serrate to doubly
|ovary pubescence=glabrous
|petal atypical some measurement=16mm;25mm
|petal coloration=white;pink
|petal shape=elliptic;obovate
|petal some measurement=10mm;16mm
|prickle density=dense
|prickle orientation=recurved
|prickle shape=hooked;broad-based
|prickle size=slender;moderate
|prickle some measurement=1mm;4mm
|stem coating=not pruinose
|stem duration=biennial
|stem growth form or orientation=creeping
|stem height or length or size=short
|stem life cycle=falling
|stem orientation=low-arching
|stem pubescence=long-stipitate-glandular;hairy;glabrous
|stipule atypical some measurement=12mm;15mm
|stipule shape=lanceolate;linear;lanceolate;linear;filiform
|stipule some measurement=2mm;12mm
|torus fixation=attached
|whole_organism architecture=armed
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=3dm;7dm
|whole_organism growth form=shrub;climbing
|whole_organism position=higher
|whole_organism some measurement=0dm;3dm
}}<!--

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