vaginatum, Paspalum virgatum, Paspalum virletii, Paspalum wrightii L. Charles M. Allen, David W. Hall Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page
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distinctly alternate, not in terminal whorl-like clusters; stipules 3-5.5 (-6) × 0.3-0.5 cm, abaxially brownish puberulent, red-glandular. Leaf-blade oblong to
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(-20), distinct, often petaloid and colored, occasionally spurred; petals 0-26, distinct (connate in Consolida), plane, cupshaped, funnel-shaped, or spurred
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(paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central (or all) 14–70 bisexual and
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anatomy and 1 or 2 bundle sheaths or with non-kranz anatomy; photosynthesis C4 with Nad-me or Nadp-me pathways, or, in plants with non-krantz anatomy, C3
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sparsely short-hairy; pappi 0 or of 1–2 (–6) equal or subequal, smooth, antrorsely barbellulate, or subplumose bristles 0.5–4.6 mm plus callous crowns or
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lobes 0 or 3 or 4 (or 5), abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 1-locular
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stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or ‘robust’ refers to stem leaves more than 3 mm and stems more than 4 cm. None. Hypnum andoi, Hypnum bambergeri
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or rounded, apices acute to acuminate or awn-tipped; lower glumes usually 0.1-0.3 mm longer than the upper glumes, rarely equal; calluses poorly developed
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Flowers bisexual; hypanthium shallowly cupulate to hemispheric, less than 0.5 mm wide; sepals 5 (or (5–) 6 (–8) in C. jepsonii), usually incurved, sometimes
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axillary, flowers usually at medial to distal nodes, 0 or 1 (or 2) in each axil, thus 1 or 2 (–4) flowers at each node; bracts absent or present. Pedicels
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singly, sometimes in loose to crowded, corymbiform or cymiform arrays. Calyculi 0 or of 1–22 bractlets. Involucres campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic
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fusiform or globose, sometimes somewhat laterally compressed; calluses 0.1-4 mm, blunt to sharp, usually strigose; lemmas stiffly membranous to coriaceous
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lines. Cypselae obconic to obpyramidal, usually 4-angled and 12–16-ribbed, glabrous or hairy; pappi 0 or of 12–22 orbiculate to spatulate scales. North
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foot, in reference to the shape of the leaf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 261, 265, 267, 268. Herbs, annual or perennial [rarely suffruticose
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falling, 3–5; petals usually caducous [marcescent], usually 3–5, sometimes 0 in cleistogamous flowers, imbricate, distinct, crumpled in bud, green, dark
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brownish, or blackish aristate scales (often reduced to 0–4 in M. douglasii, of 24–48 bristles in M. borealis), scale bodies deltate, lanceolate, oblong,
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Herbs, perennial, rosetted, tufted, or matted, often resinously aromatic, 0.3–10 (–12) dm, sparsely to densely hairy, inconspicuously to conspicuously
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in dense or open turfs, red, pink, yellow-green, or brown-green. Stems 0.5–4 (–12) cm, tufted, comose or evenly foliate, freely branching by subfloral
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uniformly golden yellow; leaf margins armed with teeth 4–10 mm, (0.8–)1–3(–4) cm apart, interstitial teeth (0–)1–3(–5) on distal 2/3 of margins; c, se Arizona
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