82, 83, 93, 96, 97, 100, 102, 1. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 5–400 cm, spiny. Stems (1–several) erect, branched or simple, sometimes narrowly spiny-winged
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396. Mentioned on page 5, 255, 364, 365, 366. Annuals or perennials, 5–150 cm. Stems erect, simple or branched (aerial shoots often from subterranean caudices)
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with descriptions of five new species from California and Nevada, USA. Aliso 30: 49–68. Nesom, G. L. 2011d. Recognition and synopsis of Mimulus sect. Tropanthus
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corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences erect or rarely pendent, paniculate or racemose, sometimes
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beardless based on reports in the literature and our observations. Of the 30 acaulescent species in the flora area, one has a bearded style; of the 43
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carinate, 20–50 cm × 1–7 mm, margins entire or denticulate, apex acute to obtuse. Scape persistent, usually solitary, erect, terete, 10–60 cm × 1–5 mm. Umbel
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Inflorescences terminal, 2-9-flowered cymes or umbels, or flowers solitary, to 60 cm; involucres present, often with primary involucres subtending inflorescences
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hemispheric or broader, (3–) 5–22+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (20–) 30–60+ in (2–) 3–5+ series, distinct, ± ovate to oblong or oblong to lanceolate
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old shiny, dark-brown to black, stout to slender, 2.5–6 cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, length 30–60% blade, glabrous, sessile-glandular or eglandular; blade
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Treatment on page 532. Mentioned on page 476, 533, 534, 537. Perennials 10–60 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems 1–5+, ascending to erect, glabrous or
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reniform to orbiculate, 2–30 cm, herbaceous to ± coriaceous, leaflets 0 or 3, 5, 7, or 9, terminal ovate to elliptic to obovate, 1.7–15 cm, base cuneate to rounded
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 100. Mentioned on page 65, 66. Perennials, 15–60 (–100) cm (taproots relatively massive; caudices seldom branched). Stems erect
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± recurved, 1-year old very dark, usually slender, 1–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (0–) 10–40 (–60) % blade, pubescent (young), sessile-glandular (young);
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entire or denticulate. Leaves monomorphic, clustered to widely scattered, 4–60 cm. Petiole brown to black or straw-colored, rounded, flattened, or with single
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(50–)70–120(–150) cm; leaf blade margins serrate to biserrate, apices acute. Veronica longifolia 13 Stems usually with 4–10 nodes, 5–45(–60) cm; leaf blade margins
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less than 1 cm. On long shoots (and all leaves on clonal sucker shoots in their first year), neoformed leaves are produced with internodes of 2 cm or more
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 99. Mentioned on page 65, 100. Perennials, 20–60 cm (taproots often relatively massive; caudices unbranched or multibranched)
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spongy, flexible when dried, 2–8 (–15) cm, bearing tubers (3–) 6–11 mm diam. Culms trigonous, 15–60 (–100) cm × 0.6–3.4 mm, glabrous. Leaves 3–7, flat
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perennating bases sometimes woody, sometimes rhizomes), mostly 3–150 (–400+) cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes basal or basal and cauline; mostly opposite
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florets) readily falling or fragile, of 60–100+, white, smooth or barbellulate bristles (elongating in fruit). x = 30. Boreal North America, southward in w
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