subterranean panicles; branches sometimes spikelike and secund, sometimes less than 1 cm; disarticulation usually below the glumes, sometimes at the base of the panicle
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Calyculi 0 or 1–5+ bractlets. Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13, or 21 (–30+) in 1–2 series, erect
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cream-yellow or orange-red, usually obcordate or broadly obovate, emarginate; stamens 8, in 2 unequal series with episepalous longer or rarely subequal, erect, anthers
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replum (visible), rounded; septum complete, (membranous, veinless); ovules 8–250 per ovary; (style sometimes obsolete); stigma capitate. Seeds usually uniseriate
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
3. Treatment on page 197. Roots 2-80 cm, tuberlike or fibrous, dry or fleshy; buds often less than 3 mm. Stems 1-8 (-19) per root; base firmly attached
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usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually
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363 (8 genera, 69 species, including 1 hybrid, in the flora). Circumscription of Helianthinae adopted here (i.e., that of H. Robinson 1981) is narrower than
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deciduous; collars inconspicuous, usually glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 0.1-2 (8) mm, membranous, sometimes longest at the margins, usually truncate, sometimes
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
grapes, alluding to common name for A. uva-ursi Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 406. Mentioned on page 371, 375, 397, 405, 407, 408, 415
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450, 463. Plants short-stemmed pachycauls, perennial, often flowering after 8–20+ years, monocarpic or polycarpic, acaulescent or caulescent, scapose, forming
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253. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or treelets, 1–80 (–300) cm (some rhizomatous or with woody caudices). Leaves basal, basal and cauline
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more rarely herbaceous, commissures between sepals 1-veined, herbaceous; lobes green or purplish, 1–5-veined, broadly triangular to lance-oblong or linear
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
triangular (lengths 0.7–1 times stigmatic lines). Cypselae narrowly obconic to cylindric, sometimes somewhat compressed, ribs usually 8–10 (either darker and
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funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos, rarely capsules, elongate
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longitudinally; staminodes absent (except in Aquilegia and Clematis); pistils 1-many; styles present or absent, often persistent in fruit as beak. Fruits achenes
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monophyletic: 8a2a. ser. Maculosae, 8a2b. ser. Ovatae, and 8d. subg. Limnochloa, whereas the following taxa are probably para- or polyphyletic: 8a1. sect. Eleocharis
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
with 2–20+ spikes, 1–1.5 times as long as wide in fruit; proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, rarely leaflike, not more than 5 cm, not more than 2 times
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hispidulous, with 1 to many spikelets. Spikelets 2-12 mm, subterete to strongly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (1) 2-8 (13); rachilla
9 KB (1,015 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
and T.R. Soderstrom. 1994. A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon, vol. 8 (ed. M.D. Dassanayake). Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi, India. 458 pp. Guissani
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sometimes smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020