Mentioned on page 4, 170. Plants usually vines, sometimes shrublike in Cucurbita, or perennial [annual] herbs (Melothria), usually monoecious or dioecious, rarely
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mucro. Inflorescences mostly terminal, usually with spikes at distal axils, erect and rigid, green to silvery green, occasionally tinged red, leafless at
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Plants small to medium-sized, in thin to dense mats, usually pale green to yellowish, sometimes dark green, often shiny. Stems creeping, freely branched, irregularly
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3–4 (–5) per fertile culm, 7–22 cm × 2–4 mm. Inflorescences erect, usually dense, green, gold, or dark-brown, 1.8–3 cm8–14 mm; proximal internode 2–3 (–5)
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(roots fibrous). Herbage usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to 2 mm), sometimes glabrous. Stems usually brownish green. Basal leaves: petioles
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perennial. Stems ascending to decumbent, green to gray-green, 1–3 (–5) dm, canescent. Leaf-blades green to gray-green, oblong-ovate to ovatelanceolate, unlobed
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lobed or entire. Bracts usually green with prominent white base conspicuously extending outwards from midvein, rarely green, usually obovate, rarely lanceolate
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lanceolate, to 17 cm, margins usually deeply lobed to dentate, rarely entire. Bracts usually green with prominent white base usually conspicuously extending
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margins deeply to shallowly lobed or entire. Bracts usually green with white base, occasionally green, obovate to ovate, 7.1–11.3 × 3–6.2 mm, width 2/5–3/5
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low open turfs, green or rarely pinkish red. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves green, yellow-green, or rarely red
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turfs, red, pink, green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–3 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves shiny yellow-green to red or pink, crowded
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lack sori, subsequent leaves with sori). Petiole reddish when young, usually green or straw-colored throughout (occasionally darker) in mature specimens
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1–15 dm; twigs pale green, glaucous, ± terete, puberulent. Leaves persistent for 1+ years; blade usually pale green abaxially, dark green adaxially, elliptic
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bracteoles absent. Flowers: sepals 4, calyx entirely green or more often conspicuously colored distally, usually as in bracts, contrasting with bracts in a few
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adventitious along stems. Stems segmented or unsegmented, usually bright green or bluish green to purplish, slender cylindric [flattened and leaflike in
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colored, most often green or glaucous, glabrous to densely hairy, sometimes pilose or glandular (not verrucose). Leaf-blades usually pale green or glaucous abaxially
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persistent, alternate; petiole 2–10 mm; blade usually dull green, sometimes reddish-brown, abaxially, glossy to dull green adaxially, broadly elliptic to oblong
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Association Plants usually grayish green to silvery; caudices simple or few branched. Basal leaves: petioles of inner leaves usually glabrous, sometimes
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stalk 0.1–1 cm; blades usually pale green, plane, 2–3-pinnate, to 8 × 12 cm, often much smaller, fleshy. Pinnae to 5 pairs, usually well separated, horizontal
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species with erect capsules usually straight. Seta redbrown, usually dark redbrown with age, rarely cherry red or orangish, usually long (5–20 times capsule
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