Chasmanthium ornithorhynchum

Nees
Common names: Birdbill chasmanthium
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 346.
Revision as of 02:55, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Culms 35-40 (90) cm, 0.8-1 mm thick at the nodes, rarely branched, leafy for 80% of their height. Sheaths glabrous; collars pilose; ligules 0.2-0.3 mm, irregularly laciniate; blades 7-9 (15) cm long, 3.5-6 mm wide, lanceolate-fusiform, glabrous adaxially. Panicles (2.5) 5-10.5 (12) cm, open, erect; branches divergent, sometimes strongly so; axils of panicle branches pilose; pedicels 0.5-1 mm. Spikelets 9.5-12 mm long, 11-17 (18) mm wide, with (4) 5-10 florets, lower 2-4 florets sterile, fertile florets divergent to 85°. Lower glumes 2.5-2.9 mm, 2-3-veined; upper glumes 2.6-3.6 mm, 3-5-veined; calluses glabrous; fertile lemmas 5.8-9.3 mm, straight, (9) 11-13-veined, keels not winged, scabrous to scabridulous distally; paleas 7.2-9 mm; anthers 1.1-1.9 mm, the length invariant within a spikelet. Caryopses 2-3 mm, enclosed at maturity. 2n = 24.

Distribution

N.C., S.C., Fla., Ala., Miss., La.

Discussion

Chasmanthium ornithorhynchum grows along stream and river banks in low woods, and on hummocks in swamps. It is most common along the coastal plain from eastern Louisiana to western Florida, but is also found at a few other locations in the south¬eastern United States.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"leafy" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br />) +
acuminate +  and acute +
J. Gabriel Sanchez-Ken +  and Lynn G. Clark +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
not pseudopetiolate +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
lanceolate-fusiform +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
spikelike +
brown +  and reddish-black or black +
compressed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
fusoidlike +
Birdbill chasmanthium +
ascending +  and erect +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
not woody +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
N.C. +, S.C. +, Fla. +, Ala. +, Miss. +  and La. +
less +  and 1/3 +
large +  and small +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
basal +  and distal +
rudimentary +
5 +  and 10 +
fertile +  and sterile +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
(2)3-9-veined +
subtending +
acute +  and acuminate +
subequal +
membranous +
uncinate +
subbasal +  and basal +
hollow +  and solid +
scabrous +  and scabridulous +
(9)11-13-veined +
straight +
compressed-keeled +
0.58 cm5.8 mm <br />0.0058 m <br /> (0.93 cm9.3 mm <br />0.0093 m <br />) +
laciniate +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +  and gibbous +
0.72 cm7.2 mm <br />0.0072 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (?) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10.5 cm105 mm <br />0.105 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
staminate +, pistillate +, subsessile +, pedicellate +  and solitary +
0.95 cm9.5 mm <br />0.0095 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
1 +  and 60 +
compressed +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
11mm +  and 17mm +
free +  and fused +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
Gramineae +
Chasmanthium ornithorhynchum +
Chasmanthium +
species +
membranous +
0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
plant +, colonial +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
pilose +, scabrous +  and glabrous +