Dichanthelium latifolium

(L.) Harvill
Common names: Broadleaved panicgrass Panic à larges feuilles
Endemic
Synonyms: Panicum macrocarpon Panicum latifolium
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 412.
Revision as of 03:01, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Plants forming small clumps, with knotty rhizomes less than 2 mm thick. Basal rosettes well-differentiated; sheaths pubescent; blades ovate to lanceolate, dark green. Culms 45-110 cm, nearly erect; nodes glabrous or the lower nodes slightly bearded; internodes glabrous or sparsely pubescent; fall phase branching from the midculm nodes, branches nearly erect, scarcely rebranching, blades and secondary panicles only slightly reduced. Cauline leaves 4-6, often with a transitional leaf above the basal rosette; sheaths not overlapping, glabrous or softly villous basally, margins ciliate, collars pubescent; ligules 0.4-0.7 mm, membranous, ciliate, cilia longer than the membranous portion; blades 3.7-7 times longer than wide, 15-40 mm wide, ovatelanceolate, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, with 11-13 major veins and 40-120 minor veins, bases cordate-clasping, with papillose-based cilia. Primary panicles 7-15 cm long, 4-12 cm wide, 1.5-2 times as long as wide, with 20-80 spikelets, eventually at least partially exserted; branches stiff, ascending to spreading. Spikelets 2.9-3.9 mm long, 1.6-2 mm wide, ellipsoid, sparsely pubescent. Lower glumes 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, narrowly triangular; upper glumes and lower lemmas slightly shorter than the spikelets, often red-tinged basally and apically; lower florets staminate, anthers exserted prior to those of the upper florets; upper florets pointed, apiculate, upper lemmas with a minute fringe of hairs. 2n = 18, 36.

Distribution

Conn., N.J., N.Y., W.Va., Del., D.C., Wis., Ont., Que., Mass., Maine, N.H., R.I., Vt., Tex., N.C., Tenn., Pa., Va., Md., Ala., Ark., Ill., Ga., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Nebr., Okla., Ohio, Mo., Minn., Mich., Miss., S.C., Ky.

Discussion

Dichanthelium latifolium grows in rich deciduous woods, often in slightly open areas within eastern North America. The primary panicles are open-pollinated and develop in May and June (and sometimes in September and October), the secondary panicles, which are produced from July through September, are rarely open-pollinated.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"usually distinctly longer and narrower" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dichanthelium latifolium"
rounded +  and attenuate +
anatomy +  and kranz +
Mary E. Barkworth +
(L.) Harvill +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
well-differentiated +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
distinct +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
ovatelanceolate +, ovate +  and lanceolate +
reduced +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
ascending;spreading +
spikelike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not developed +
terete +  and compressed +
papillose-based +
Broadleaved panicgrass +  and Panic à larges feuilles +
rebranching +
not dense +
decumbent +  and sprawling +
45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br /> (110 cm1,100 mm <br />1.1 m <br />) +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, W.Va. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Wis. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Tex. +, N.C. +, Tenn. +, Pa. +, Va. +, Md. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, Ohio +, Mo. +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, S.C. +  and Ky. +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
membranous +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
solid +  and hollow +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
transitional +
cauline +  and basal +
coriaceous +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
subterranean +
dry +  and fleshy +
membranous +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
not overlapping +
not viscid +
villous +, glabrous +  and pubescent +
in triplets +  and paired +
0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br /> (0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br />) +
20 +  and 80 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
ellipsoid +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.52 cm5.2 mm <br />0.0052 m <br />) +
1.6mm +  and 2mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Panicum macrocarpon +  and Panicum latifolium +
Dichanthelium latifolium +
Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa +
species +
membranous +
chartaceous-indurate +
40 (?) +  and 120 (?) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +