Saccharum giganteum

(Walter) Pers.
Common names: Sugarcane plumegrass
Synonyms: Erianthus giganteus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 611.
Revision as of 03:21, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants rhizomatous. Culms 1-2.5 m; nodes sericeous, hairs to 5 mm. Sheaths glabrate or glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 2-6 mm; blades usually 35-70 cm long, 8-30 mm wide, adaxial surfaces glabrous or pilose. Peduncles 40-80 cm, pilose; panicles 6-15 cm wide, oblong or lanceolate; rachises 15-30 cm, pilose; lowest nodes densely pilose; primary branches 2-13 cm, ascending or appressed to the rachises; rame internodes 2-5.5 mm, pilose. Sessile spikelets 4.2-6 mm long, 0.8-1.1 mm wide, straw-colored. Callus hairs (7) 15-20 (25) mm, longer than the spikelets, straw-colored or brown; glumes usually glabrous; lower glumes smooth, indistinctly 5-veined; lower lemmas 3-5 mm, without veins; upper lemmas 2.5-3.5 mm, 1-veined, entire; awns 12-26 mm, straight or curved, terete basally; lodicule veins sometimes extending into hairlike projections; anthers 2. Pedicels 2.5-5 mm, pilose. Pedicellate spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets, except frequently pilose. 2n = 30, 60, 90.

Distribution

Del., Fla., N.J., Tex., La., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Pa., N.Y., Va., Md., Ala., Ark., Ill., Ga., Okla., D.C., Mo., Miss., Ky.

Discussion

Saccharum giganteum grows in wet soils of bogs, swales, and swamps. Its range extends from the eastern and southeastern United States to Central America. It is a polymorphic, primarily chasmogamous species that intergrades morphologically with the primarily cleistogamous S. trinii (Hack.) Renvoize in Central America. The combination of long callus hairs and straight awns distinguishes it from all other species of Saccharum in the Flora region.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Saccharum giganteum"
90 +, 60 +  and 30 +
pilose +  and glabrous +
anatomy +  and kranz +
Robert D. Webster +
(Walter) Pers. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
curved +  and straight +
terete +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
pseudopetiolate +
well-developed +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
reduced +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
spikelike +
brown +  and straw-colored +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Sugarcane plumegrass +
purple +  and reddish +
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
not woody +
Del. +, Fla. +, N.J. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, N.Y. +, Va. +, Md. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Okla. +, D.C. +, Mo. +, Miss. +  and Ky. +
capillary +
sometimes longer +
concealing +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
2-keeled +
subequal +
chartaceous +  and coriaceous +
uncinate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
pedunculate +  and multiple-stalked +
ascending +  and appressed +
axillary +  and subtending +
solid +  and hollow +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
photosynthetic +
not aromatic +
coriaceous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
pedicellate +
lanceolate +  and oblong +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (?) +  and 80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (?) +
dry +  and fleshy +
appressed;ascending +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
elongate +
stoloniferous +
glabrous +  and glabrate +
pedicellate +  and sessile +
in triplets +  and paired +
straw-colored +
0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
2 +, 1 +  and numerous +
compressed +
usually smaller +  and reduced +
0.8mm +  and 1.1mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Erianthus giganteus +
Saccharum giganteum +
Saccharum +
species +
membranous +
sessile-pedicellate +
awned +, muticous +, bidentate +  and entire +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
not raised +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +