familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Chloridoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Cynodonteae
genusCynodon
speciesCynodon aethiopicus

Cynodon aethiopicus

Clayton & J.R. Harlan
Mary E. Barkworth
Common names: Ethiopian dogstooth grass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 240.
Revision as of 03:45, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Annaliese Miller, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants stoloniferous, not rhizomatous; stolons stout, woody, lying flat on the ground. Culms 25-100 cm tall, 2-6 mm thick, becoming woody. Sheaths glabrous; ligules about 0.3 mm, membranous, ciliolate; blades 3-25 cm long, 3-7 mm wide, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, glaucous. Panicles with 4-10 (20) branches; branches 3.5-7 cm, in (1) 2-5 whorls, stiff, usually red or purple, axes triquetrous. Spikelets 2-3 mm. Glumes equaling to slightly exceeding the florets; lower glumes 2-2.2 mm; upper glumes 1.7-2.6 mm; lemmas 2.1-2.6 mm, keels not winged, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs. 2n =18, 36.

Distribution

Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Tex.

Discussion

Cynodon aethiopicus is native to the East African rift. It is now established along the canal bank in the Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge in Texas, and is expected to spread. The cultivar 'McCaleb' has been released as a forage grass for use in Florida.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Cynodon aethiopicus"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
36 +  and 18 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial cell structure in adjective form
stomatal +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule length or size
longer +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther quantity
3 +
Apex shape
muticous +  and mucronate +
Apical cell height or length or size
short +
Apical cell width
Wide (?) +
Arm cell anatomy
kranz +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Mary E. Barkworth +
Authority
Clayton & J.R. Harlan +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
multiple +, , +  and single +
Axis shape
triquetrous +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
close +
Base fusion
not fused +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
membranous +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
disarticulating +
Blade architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Blade arrangement or vernation
conduplicate +
Blade length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade pubescence
glaucous +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
Blade shape
involute +  and convolute +
Blade width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Branch atypical quantity
20 (?) +
Branch coloration
purple +  and red +
Branch fragility
stiff +
Branch quantity
4;10 +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Cell shape
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
Cilium architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Cilium texture
membranous +
Column quantity
single +
Common name
Ethiopian dogstooth grass +
Culm architecture
branched +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm height
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
Culm orientation
ascending +  and erect +
Culm some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
Culm texture
woody +
Culm thickness
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Distal floret size
reduced +
Distribution
Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +  and Tex. +
Embryo architecture or shape
cleft +
Embryo presence
absent +
Embryo shape
not waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Floret height or length or size
shorter +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret quantity
1 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +  and fertile +
Floret shape
round +  and compressed +
Floret size
reduced +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Genus quantity
1 +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
usually shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume shape
muticous +  and keeled +
Glume texture
membranous +
Glume variability
equaling +
Group quantity
3 +
Hair arrangement
scattered +
Hair quantity
few +
Hair relief
coarse +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum height or length or size
short +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Annaliese Miller +
Inflorescence architecture
subdigitate +  and digitate +
Inflorescence arrangement
paniculate +  and racemose +
Inflorescence fusion
distinct +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
hollow +  and solid +
Internode shape
elongate +
Keel architecture
not winged +
Keel pubescence
with a few scattered hairs +  and glabrous +
Layer presence
not absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Lemma architecture
3-veined +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma shape
keeled +
Lemma some measurement
0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
Lemma texture
membranous +  and cartilaginous +
Ligule length or size
sometimes longer +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule pubescence
ciliolate +
Ligule some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lower glume architecture
1-veined +
Lower glume some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
Lowest floret function
functional +
Marginal hair arrangement
adjacent +
Marginal hair fragility
stiff +
Marginal hair relief
coarse +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midrib architecture
simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
2-keeled +
Panicle architecture
simple +
Panicle branch height or length or size
short +
Pericarp architecture or fragility
loose +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp fusion
free +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Raceme shape
spikelike +
Rachilla extension presence
absent +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Row quantity
2 +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath pubescence
glabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 849.xml +
Spikelet architecture
subsessile +
Spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Spikelet arrangement
imbricate +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet fixation or orientation
appressed +
Spikelet position or shape
distal +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
sterile +
Spikelet shape
compressed +
Spikelet some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
compound +  and simple +
Starch-grain presence
absent +
Stolon fragility or size
stout +
Stolon prominence or shape
flat +
Stolon texture
woody +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +
Style-branch shape
plumose +
Style arrangement
separate +
Style quantity
2 +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon architecture
staminate +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Cynodon aethiopicus +
Taxon parent
Cynodon +
Taxon rank
species +
Taxon reproduction
dioecious +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Turf density
dense +
Upper glume architecture
1-3-veined +
Upper glume architecture or shape
awned +
Upper glume some measurement
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism architecture
not rhizomatous +  and stoloniferous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
varied +
Whorl atypical quantity
1 (?) +
Whorl quantity
2;5 +
X chromosome atypical quantity
12 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +