familyBerberidaceae
genusDiphylleia
speciesDiphylleia cymosa

Diphylleia cymosa

Michaux

Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 203. 1803.

Lisa O'Rourke George
Common names: Umbrella-leaf
EndemicIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: John Myers

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Leaves of nonflowering shoots 2.5-9 dm. Leaf-blades 13-53 cm diam. Flowering shoots 6-12 dm; leaves alternate, unequal in size; proximal leaf petioles 10-18 cm, blades 17-46 × 23-56 cm; distal leaf petioles 3-15 cm, blades 10-38 × 15-51 cm. Leaf-blade divided at apex and base into 2 parts, each part 5-9-lobed, lobes broadly acuminate, abaxially sparsely pubescent with unicellular hairs. Inflorescences cymose, glabrous; peduncle 0.2-4 cm; pedicel 0.7-3.5 cm; peduncle and pedicel turning red at fruit maturity. Flowers 7-70 (or more); outer sepals 1.7-4.5 × 0.4 mm; inner sepals 2.5-6 × 3.5-4 mm; outer petals narrowly obovate, 9-11 × 4.5-6 mm; inner petals elliptic to obovate, 10-13×6-7 mm; stamens 3-4 mm; filaments 1-2 mm; anthers 2 × 1 mm; ovaries ellipsoid, 3-5 × 1.5-2.5 mm; stigma 0.5-1 mm. Berries 6-13 × 4-11 mm. Seeds 2-4, 4-7 × 2-5 mm, abaxially rounded, adaxially flattened to concave. 2n = 12.


Phenology: Flowering late spring, fruiting summer.
Habitat: Forming dense colonies on moist slopes in mixed deciduous forests, in seepages, or along streams
Elevation: 800-1700 m

Distribution

V3 833-distribution-map.gif

Ga., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Va.

Discussion

Diphylleia cymosa is endemic to the Blue Ridge Mountains of the southern Appalachians. It is occasionally grown in woodland gardens.

Cherokee Indians are reported to have used D. cymosa to treat a variety of ailments and as a disinfectant (D. E. Moerman 1986).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Diphylleia cymosa"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
12 +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Anther length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Anther width
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Aril presence
absent +
Author
Lisa O'Rourke George +
Authority
Michaux +
Berry length
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
Berry width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Blade-leaf distance
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (47 cm470 mm <br />0.47 m <br />) +
Blade architecture
peltate +
Blade length
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (38 cm380 mm <br />0.38 m <br />) +
Blade shape
reniform-orbiculate +  and orbiculate +
Blade width
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (51 cm510 mm <br />0.51 m <br />) +
Bracteole architecture
sepaloid +
Bracteole duration
caducous +
Bracteole quantity
2 +
Bracteole shape
scale-like +
Cauline leaf arrangement
alternate +
Common name
Umbrella-leaf +
Distribution
Ga. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +  and Va. +
Elevation
800-1700 m +
Embryo size
small +  and large +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Filament some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Flap quantity
2 +
Flower architecture
3-merous +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
in pairs +  and solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower prominence
showy +  and inconspicuous +
Flower quantity
7;70 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Fruit coloration
red +
Fruits berry coloration
dark blue +
Fruits berry pubescence
glaucous +
Fruits berry shape
ellipsoid +
Habitat
Forming dense colonies on moist slopes in mixed deciduous forests, in seepages, or along streams +
Hair architecture
unicellular +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Increment duration
annual +
Increment fusion
distinct +
Inflorescence architecture
cymose +
Inflorescence position
axillary +  and terminal +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence pubescence
glabrous +
Inner petal length
10mm (13mm) +
Inner petal shape
elliptic;obovate +
Inner petal width
6mm;7mm +
Inner sepal length
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Inner sepal width
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade diameter
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (53 cm530 mm <br />0.53 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade shape
divided +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf architecture or arrangement
fascicled +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf petiole some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Leaf quantity
1 (?) +
Leaf shape
2-parted +
Leaf size
unequal +
Lobe pubescence
pubescent +
Lobe shape
acuminate +
Margin architecture
palmate +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate +
Nectary presence
absent +
Nonflowering shoot quantity
1 +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer petal length
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Outer petal shape
obovate +
Outer petal width
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Outer sepal length
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Outer sepal width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
Ovary architecture
1-carpellate +
Ovary length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ovary placentation
basal +
Ovary position
basal +  and superior +
Ovary shape
ellipsoid +
Ovary width
1.5mm;2.5mm +
Part quantity
2 +
Part shape
5-9-lobed +
Pedicel life cycle
maturity +
Pedicel some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
Peduncle life cycle
maturity +
Peduncle some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Perianth architecture
3-merous +  and 2-merous +
Perianth presence
absent +
Petal architecture
hooded +
Petal coloration
white +
Petal fusion
distinct +
Petal quantity
6 +
Petal shape
plane +
Petiole architecture or shape
stemlike +
Petiole fixation
attached +
Petiole orientation
erect +
Phenology
Flowering late spring, fruiting summer. +
Pollen exine architecture or shape
spinose +
Publication title
Fl. Bor.-Amer. +
Publication year
1803 +
Reference
None +
Seed architecture
arillate +
Seed coloration
red +
Seed length
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Seed life cycle
mature +
Seed prominence
elevated +
Seed quantity
2 +  and 4 +
Seed shape
adaxially flattened +  and concave +
Seed width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Sepal coloration
pale green +  and white +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal life cycle
falling +
Sepal quantity
6 +
Shoot life cycle
flowering +
Shoot quantity
2 +
Shoot some measurement
6dm;12dm +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 833.xml +
Special status
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
Stalk length
elongating +
Stamen quantity
6 +
Stamen some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Stem location
aerial +
Stem presence
absent +
Stigma some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Stipitate-gland presence
absent +
Stipule architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style duration
persistent +
Style position
central +
Style presence
absent +
Taxon family
Berberidaceae +
Taxon name
Diphylleia cymosa +
Taxon parent
Diphylleia +
Taxon rank
species +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Whole-organism architecture or shape
not spurred +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
deciduous +  and perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Whole organism some measurement
0dm (12dm) +
X chromosome quantity
6 +