Urochloa ramosa

(L.) T.Q. Nguyen
Common names: Browntop millet
Introduced
Synonyms: Panicum ramosum Brachiaria ramosa
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 497.

Plants annual; tufted. Culms 10-65 cm, decumbent, rooting or not at the lower nodes; nodes pubescent. Sheaths usually puberulous, sometimes glabrous or sparsely pilose, margins ciliate; ligules 0.8-1.7 mm; blades 2-25 cm long, 4-14 mm wide, glabrous, margins scabrous. Panicles 3-13 cm, simple, with 3-15 spikelike primary branches; primary branches 1-8 cm, divergent, axils glabrous, axes 0.4-0.6 mm wide, triquetrous, glabrous, scabrous, or pubescent, with or without some papillose-based hairs; secondary branches, if present, confined to the lower branches; pedicels shorter than the spikelets, scabrous or pubescent. Spikelets 2.5-3.4 mm long, 1.3-2 mm wide, ellipsoid, apices broadly acute to acute, paired, appressed to the branches. Glumes scarcely separated, rachilla internode between the glumes not pronounced; lower glumes 1-1.5 mm, 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, glabrous, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 2.5-3.4 mm, usually puberulent, sometimes glabrous, margins sometimes somewhat pubescent, 7-9-veined, without evident cross venation; lower florets sterile, lower lemmas 2.4-3.3 mm, usually puberulent or occasionally glabrous, margins not ciliate, without cross venation, 5-veined; upper lemmas 2.3-3.3 mm, acute, mucronate; anthers 0.7-1.2 mm. Caryopses 1.2-2.3 mm; hila punctiform. 2n = 36 (usually); also 14, 28, 32, 42, 46, 72.

Distribution

Loading map...
Created with Raphaël 2.2.0

Md., Miss., Tex., La., N.C., Ala., Tenn., S.C., Va., Ark., Ga., Ky., Fla.

Discussion

A weedy species of tropical Africa and Asia, Urochloa ramosa has spread throughout the tropics and subtropics, including the southeastern United States. It is considered a weed in the Flora area, but it is is cultivated in India as a grain and forage crop; the grain is sometimes used for birdseed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Urochloa ramosa"
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> +
broadly acute +  and acute +
anatomy +  and kranz +
J.K. Wipff +  and Rahmona A. Thompson +
- L. T.Q. Nguyen +
1 - ? +  and 3 - ? +
pubescent +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
triquetrous +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> +
ovatelanceolate +  and lanceolate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> - 1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> +
spikelike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> - 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> +
not developed +
compressed +, ovoid +  and elliptic +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> - 0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> +
sometimes longer +
Browntop millet +
not +  and rooting +
geniculate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> - 65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br /> +
Md. +, Miss. +, Tex. +, La. +, N.C. +, Ala. +, Tenn. +, S.C. +, Va. +, Ark. +, Ga. +, Ky. +  and Fla. +
1/2 +  and 3/4 +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
membranous +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
72 +, 46 +, 42 +, 32 +, 28 +  and 14 +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
solid +  and hollow +
cauline +  and basal +
coriaceous +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
glabrous +  and puberulent +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> - 0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br /> +
5-veined +  and 7-9-veined +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
subterranean +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> - 13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
dry +  and fleshy +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> +
1 +  and 2 +
pilose +, glabrous +  and puberulous +
Introduced +
pedicellate +  and subsessile +
divergent +  and paired +
well-developed +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br /> +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
ellipsoid +
1.3mm +  and 2mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Panicum ramosum +  and Brachiaria ramosa +
Urochloa ramosa +
Urochloa +
species +
membranous +
not disarticulating +, sessile +  and  - 01-11-veined +
acuminate +, mucronate +, planoconvex +, ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
glabrous +  and puberulent +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br /> +
verrucose +  and rugose +
mucronate +  and acute +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> - 0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br /> +
lustrous +  and shiny +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +  and 7 +