Xanthisma sect. Blepharodon

(de Candolle) D. R. Morgan & R. L. Hartman

Sida 20: 1402. 2003.

Basionym: Haplopappus sect. Blepharodon de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 346. 1836 (as Aplopappus)
Synonyms: Undefined sect. Eriocarpum Nuttall Machaeranthera sect. Blepharodon (de Candolle) R. L. Hartman
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 386. Mentioned on page 383, 384, 403, 446.

Perennials or subshrubs [annuals, biennials], 3–50 cm; caudices much branched or loose colonies from 3–10+ elongate, branched rhizomes 1.5–6 mm diam., from woody taproots. Leaf-blades serrate or dentate, entire or rarely pinnatifid, teeth or lobes usually bristle-tipped. Heads radiate or discoid. Involucres depressed-hemispheric to campanulate. Phyllaries in 3–6 series, appressed to reflexed, stramineous, linear to lanceolate, mostly 1–2 mm wide, unequal, bases thickened, distal 1/4–1/2 not markedly expanded, herbaceous or with green or purple-tinged strip or patch, apices narrowly obtuse to long-attenuate, usually bristle-tipped, faces stipitate-glandular to canescent. Receptacles: pit borders ± laciniate, teeth or setae distinct or forming reticulum, 0.3–1.5 mm. Ray corollas corollas white, pink, lavender, or purple [yellow], or florets 0. Cypselae dimorphic, narrowly obovoid to oblong, of ray obscurely 3-sided, of disc compressed laterally, (1–) 1.5–3.5 mm, walls thick, 6–18-ribbed, often prominent, faces often densely silky; pappi of white to tawny, basally flattened bristles 3.5–8 mm in 2–4 unequal series (ray often much shorter). x = 4.

Distribution

w North America, Mexico

Discussion

Species 7 (4 in the flora).

A. Cronquist and D. D. Keck (1957) correctly grouped the then known members of sect. Blepharodon under their Machaeranthera series Originales (an illegitimate name). These taxa had been treated in Haplopappus sect. Blepharodon by H. M. Hall (1928). Included as well were: H. arenarius Bentham (Mexico), H. junceus, H. spinulosus, and H. stenolobus Greene (Mexico) (here treated in Xanthisma sect. Sideranthus); H. phyllocephalus and H. aureus (now members of 204. Rayjacksonia); and H. brickellioides (now a member of 206. Hazardia).

Selected References

None.

"[" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."]" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
bristle-tipped +
distinct +
narrowly obtuse;long-attenuate +
subequal +
scarious +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Ronald L. Hartman +
(de Candolle) D. R. Morgan & R. L. Hartman +
with green or purple-tinged strip or patch +  and herbaceous +
decurrent +
expanded +
indurate +
Haplopappus sect. Blepharodon +
lanceolate;oblanceolate or spatulate +
rugulose +  and muricate +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
white +  and tawny +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
loose +  and branched +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
yellow +, purple +, pink +  and white +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
compressed +, narrowly obovoid +  and oblong +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
w North America +  and Mexico +
silky +, stipitate-glandular +  and canescent +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
discoid +  and radiate +
in corymbiform arrays +  and singly +
indeterminate +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
depressed-hemispheric;campanulate +
ovate +  and orbiculate or depressed-elliptic +
unequal +
dentate +  and serrate +
pinnatifid;entire +
sessile +  and short-petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
bristle-tipped +
triangular +
serrate +  and entire +
2-pinnatifid +, pinnatifid +  and dentate +
2-carpellate +
usually whitish +  and brown or reddish-brown +
persistent +
30 +  and 90 +
flattened +
appressed +  and reflexed +
linear +  and lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
purple +, lavender +, pink +  and white +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;convex +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
exalbuminous +
unequal +
distinct +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
sprawling +, spreading +  and erect +
hispid +  and hispidulous villous or stipitate-glandular +
purple-tinged +  and green +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Undefined sect. Eriocarpum +  and Machaeranthera sect. Blepharodon +
Xanthisma sect. Blepharodon +
Xanthisma +
section +
bristle-tipped +
forming reticulum +  and distinct +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +