Solidago altissima subsp. altissima

Endemic
Synonyms: Solidago canadensis var. scabra (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Torrey & A. Gray Solidago scabra Muhlenberg ex Willdenow
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 153.

Involucres usually 3–4 mm. 2n = 36, 54.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Dry to moist soils, fields, roadsides, disturbed areas
Elevation: 0–1000+ m

Distribution

V20-329-distribution-map.gif

Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., W.Va., Mexico

Discussion

Subspecies altissima is an escaped cultivar or has been introduced in Arizona, California, and Utah, and very likely in other western states. It is the most common and “weedy” member of subsect. Triplinerviae and has been introduced in many parts of the world. It replaces subsp. gilvocanescens in the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Tetraploids are infrequent along the western edge of the subspecies’s distribution and rarely on glades in the southeastern United States. Hexaploids occur throughout the range. Array shape varies, narrower and elongate ones occurring in the southeastern United States; in Texas, such plants might be confused with Solidago juliae, which has more linear leaves. Further work is needed to analyze regional variants within each subspecies.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified.

villoso-strigillose +  and strigillose +
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
distinct +
acute;obtuse +
subequal +
scarious +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
secund +, leafy +  and thyrsiform-paniculiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
cone--shaped +
John C. Semple +  and Rachel E. Cook +
Linnaeus +
not persisting +
decurrent +
Triplinerviae +
9.5 cm95 mm <br />0.095 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
oblanceolate +
rugulose +  and muricate +
stipitate-glandular +
ascending-divergent +  and divergent +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +  and 30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (?) +
club--shaped +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (?) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
oblanceolate +  and lanceolate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
yellow +  and white +
ampliate +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
beaked +, 2-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
compressed +, narrowly obconic +  and cylindric +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
stipitate-glandular +
Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Mexico +
0–1000+ m +
resinous +
stipitate-glandular +, puberulent +, pilose +, glabrous +, glabrous or +  and sparsely densely scabrous strigillose or villous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Dry to moist soils, fields, roadsides, disturbed areas +
indeterminate +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
linear-lanceolate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
campanulate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.7mm;1.5mm +
0.1mm;0.4mm +
subpetiolate +  and sessile +
tapering +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
erect;spreading +
triangular +  and narrowly lanceolate +
stipitate-glandular +
linear-lanceolate +  and oblong or ovate +
unequal +  and rarely subequal +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
stipitate-glandular +  and hispiduloso-strigillose +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
not persisting +
Flowering Aug–Oct. +
stipitate-glandular +
ovate-oblanceolate +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
strigillose +  and glabrous +
8 +  and 10 +
exalbuminous +
decumbent +  and ascending or erect +
glabrescent +  and short-hairy +
1 +  and 40 +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Solidago canadensis var. scabra +  and Solidago scabra +
Solidago altissima subsp. altissima +
Solidago altissima +
subspecies +
serrulate +  and entire +
not persisting +
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +