projections; adaxial scales sparse, deciduous, stellate to coarsely ciliate, mostly circular to elliptic, peltate, body more than 5 cells wide. Sporangia containing
6 KB (526 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
few are geophytic, that is, stems are mostly deep-seated in the soil substrate, often with the plant consisting mostly of an enlarged taproot and the visible
12 KB (831 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
asterids (sympetaly, stamen number equal to petal number, stamen epipetaly, mostly 2–3-carpellate gynoecia); campanulids (early sympetaly), comprising eight
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
bristlelike to rigid and needlelike or nail-like, terete to angled or flat, mostly hard (rarely corky or papery). Flowers bisexual (rarely unisexual or with
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
sessile or petiolate; sheath not persisting longer than blade, not leaving circular scar when shed, ligulate, not auriculate, or rarely auriculate; intravaginal
10 KB (800 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
often gland-dotted, sometimes resinous or stipitate-glandular. Leaves (mostly persistent) cauline (often crowded, axillary leaf fascicles sometimes present);
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
distally and brown proximally. Stems 0.2–4 (–10) cm, irregularly branching, mostly rounded-pentagonal but occasionally rounded-triangular in section, hyalodermis
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
treatment herein is based mostly on the extensive studies by H. K. Svenson (1929, 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939, 1947, 1957), which were mostly restricted to species
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
woody, especially toward base, smooth or tuberculate; areoles cushionlike, circular or nearly so (to linear), usually bearing conspicuous spines and always
9 KB (803 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
projecting rods usually higher than wide), sometimes joined in delicate network, mostly with ± warty surface. Gametophytes not green, usually fleshy, round or linear
8 KB (289 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
cream (ser. Montaninsulae) or pale-pink (ser. Aestivales, ser. Molles), ± circular, sometimes elliptic (ser. Lacrimatae) or ± elliptic (ser. Apiifoliae, ser
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
blades filiform to narrowly oblanceolate (mostly adaxially sulcate to concave), 10–70 × 0.3–10 mm, midnerves mostly evident, apices acute, faces glabrous or
16 KB (1,091 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
entire, apex entire to variously split; blade 1-veined, threadlike to linear, mostly succulent, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences terminal cymes, branching
13 KB (764 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
apical portion (apophysis) bearing central, scarlike umbo; mature trees mostly round topped, usually less than 15 m; arid areas in w North America. Pinus
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal, or basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; opposite and/or alternate; usually sessile,
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
present) linear to oblong; margins entire to crenulate; apex rounded. Venation mostly free or complexly anastomosing, with 1–several included veinlets in fertile
9 KB (518 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
papillose along margins; anthers 15–21, in ring of ca. 3 rows; ovules mostly 120–200. Seeds mostly 120–200.2n = 60 + 0–1B. Phenology: Flowering Jan–May. Habitat:
3 KB (290 words) - 11:21, 30 July 2020
have a ligule at the junction of the blade and the sheath. The ligule is mostly fused to the blade, with a narrow, entire or erose-ciliate free portion
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
clusters. Pedicels mostly short. Flowers: hypanthium lined with fleshy, crenately lobed nectar disc; sepals 3–5 (–6), ovate to nearly circular, sometimes slightly
11 KB (671 words) - 13:52, 30 July 2020
stellate). Leaves basal and/or cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly obovate to spatulate, usually 1–3-pinnately lobed, ultimate margins entire
8 KB (556 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
indusia formed by fusion of true indusium and minute blade tooth to form circular or slightly 2-valvate cup. Spores tetrahedral-globose, trilete (rarely
5 KB (273 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
on page 14, 487, 547, 548. Annuals (biennials) [perennials, subshrubs], mostly 5–90 cm (often aromatic). Stems 1–5+, erect to decumbent, usually branched
8 KB (572 words) - 20:51, 29 July 2020
notched or sharply folded if desiccated); areoles 1–52 mm apart along ribs, circular to linear, never completely confluent; cortex and pith soft, mucilaginous
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
Haenk. 1: 93, plate 13. 1827. James D. Ackerman Etymology: Greek cyclo, circular, and pogon, beard, perhaps in reference to pubescent bases of sepals of
8 KB (503 words) - 05:21, 30 July 2020
unispicate (very rarely with short, sessile lateral spike of same sex), mostly erect, ellipsoid; primary inflorescence bracts leaflike, rarely scalelike
8 KB (630 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
fertile areoles. Sori often confined to distal region of leaf, discrete, circular to oval when immature, borne at tips of single veins, in 1–3 rows on either
13 KB (793 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
to rachis, sometimes deciduous with age; indusia lunate to reniform or circular with narrow sinus. Nephrolepis 5 Stolons absent; blades variously divided;
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
shortrectangular to elliptic, papillose or smooth; transverse-section of costa circular to semicircular, adaxial epidermis present, adaxial stereid band absent
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
hypanthium with fleshy, crenately lobed nectar disc; sepals 5, ovate to nearly circular, ± cucullate, margins narrowly hyaline, glaucous, glabrous; petals 5, usually
9 KB (453 words) - 13:50, 30 July 2020
than petals, margins entire or glandular-serrate; petals elliptic or ± circular in C. crocea, C. quaesita; stamens 20, anthers white to cream; styles (2
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
pyramidal, conic, truncate-conic, cylindroid, or mammillate, 2–10 mm; areoles circular, oval, pyriform, or elliptic, spiny and short or long woolly or glabrate;
14 KB (926 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
triangular to lanceolate, 1.5–5 × 0.5–1 mm, unequal, mostly chartaceous, midnerves evident, raised, mostly uniform in width to slightly dilated apically, (margins
6 KB (582 words) - 22:13, 29 July 2020
or subequal. Flowers sweet-smelling, sessile or subsessile, homostylous [mostly distylous]; sepals connate 1/2–2/3 length, nectary present; petals late-deciduous
11 KB (471 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
96. Plants stem succulents, unbranched [to several branched from base], mostly low and deep-seated in substrate [taller in Mexican species]. Roots diffuse
8 KB (738 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
spongy, margin united only at base; seeds mostly less than 2.5 mm wide, usually distinctly dimorphic, mostly small and glossy black, but also some larger
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
glabrous; stigma recessed. Capsules globose or slightly compressed laterally, circular or cordate in outline with longitudinal ridge across 1 or both faces; spines
7 KB (383 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
bulging-mammillose, often transversely elongate, with a sharply defined, circular or slitlike pit in the outer wall; operculum umbonate, with a short beak;
13 KB (758 words) - 06:45, 30 July 2020
rhizomatous. Culms 20-150 cm, sometimes tuberous at the base, erect. Leaves mostly cauline; sheaths open, glabrous, ribbed; auricles absent; ligules membranous
7 KB (739 words) - 03:16, 30 July 2020
Seminum (Frankfurt) 1836: 4. 1838. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek cyclo -, circular, and Latin achenium, achene allusion uncertain, perhaps to the ring of
6 KB (501 words) - 23:26, 29 July 2020
margin of segment mostly without included veinlets. Sori on veins, transverse, 2 in each major areole on included veinlets, circular to oblong; indument
6 KB (400 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
[wrinkled, roughened, or nearly smooth]; areoles elongate [circular and axillary, circular and subapical, or 2-parted], forming a wide woolly groove on
9 KB (805 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
sometimes mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous; axillary fascicles of 2–10 leaves, shorter than
7 KB (608 words) - 22:15, 29 July 2020
not evident, apices acute, faces puberulent, regularly gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous; axillary leaf fascicles present proximally, shorter
7 KB (573 words) - 22:18, 29 July 2020
obconic, 0.9–1.3 × 0.8–1.2 mm, pilose to sericeous; glands 4, yellow or pink, circular or oblong, 0.1–0.3 mm diam.; appendages white or pink, oblong, flabellate
8 KB (625 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
5–4 mm. Phyllaries 16–24 in 3–5 series, mostly tan, narrowly oblong to elliptic, 1.5–6 × 0.4–0.8 mm, unequal, mostly chartaceous, midnerves evident on at
7 KB (620 words) - 21:13, 29 July 2020
acute, sometimes apiculate, faces glabrous, regularly gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous; axillary leaf fascicles sometimes present, shorter
7 KB (598 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
regularly gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous; axillary fascicles of 2–10 leaves, shorter than subtending leaves. Heads mostly borne singly, sometimes
7 KB (619 words) - 22:25, 29 July 2020
3–5 series, mostly tan, ovate to elliptic, 2.5–7 × 0.6–1.5 mm, unequal, outer ± herbaceous or herbaceous-appendaged, mid and inner mostly chartaceous,
7 KB (613 words) - 22:24, 29 July 2020
, nc Mexico Pollination is by small (mostly halictid) bees (M. E. Medley 1979). Pollination by small bees, mostly Augochlora pura, has also been reported
8 KB (701 words) - 05:28, 30 July 2020
narrowly 2-stratose; one or both leaf margins recurved (G. reflexidens plane) (mostly subg. Rhabdogrimmia) > 7 6 Leaves 2-3-stratose distally or 1-stratose with
25 KB (759 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
funnelform; flowers 1 per involucre [7a. Mirabilis sect. Mirabilis] > 8 7 Fruits circular in cross section; perianth 0.5-1.8 cm, short funnelform; flowers 1-3 per
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
or hairy, often gland-dotted and/or resinous. Leaves basal and cauline or mostly cauline; alternate; petiolate (proximal) or sessile (distal); cauline blades
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
pith lacking mucilage, 4–6 cm wide; areoles 1–1.6 cm apart along ribs, circular, 4–6 mm, hairs reddish-brown. Spines 11–14 (–19), thin, straight; radial
9 KB (986 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
Roots diffuse [tuberlike in E. pachyrhiza of Mexico]. Stems unsegmented, mostly spheric, often flat-topped, 1–4 (–6) × 2–4 (–6) cm, surface completely obscured
10 KB (830 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
often dominant forest trees in temperate, subtropical, and tropical areas, mostly Northern Hemisphere Genera 9, species probably 600-800 (5 genera, 97 species
13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
from a dormant bud); short (spur) shoots absent; leaf-scars prominent, ± circular to broadly elliptic, flush with twig surface, slightly depressed, or slightly
16 KB (1,110 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
5–4(–5) mm wide. > 5 2 Bodies of pistillate scales 2.2–4.4 × 1.2–2.4 mm, mostly more than 1/2 length of perigynia, apex acuminate to awned; anthers 1.5–3
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
tubercles on distal stems of old plants); areoles 1 cm apart along ribs, circular, elliptic, or shield-shaped, with dense, tannish white to gray hairs; areolar
10 KB (820 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
adaxially, stipitate, lanceolate to ovate, planoconvex in cross-section, mostly 2 times as long as wide, widest at base, base rounded or truncate, with
9 KB (619 words) - 01:46, 30 July 2020
acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous; axillary fascicles of 2–15 leaves, shorter than
7 KB (612 words) - 22:28, 29 July 2020
layer, hydroid strand absent, abaxial stereid band present, crescentic to circular in sectional shape, abaxial epidermis weakly differentiated; proximal cells
9 KB (773 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 97, 187. Trees or shrubs, erect, arching, or procumbent, mostly branched from base. Roots adventitious if plant procumbent. Stems unsegmented
13 KB (1,143 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
tubercles 8–18 (–22) mm; areoles circular 3–4 mm in diam.; wool yellowish white. Spines (1–) 5–15 per areole, mostly in distal areoles, 3–5 cm; major 1–3
7 KB (717 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
petals 3, erect, spreading or rarely reflexed, sometimes very reduced and mostly hidden by sepal bases; stamens opposite sepals, free but appressed to style-branches;
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
spreading recurved when moist; usually long-ligulate, occasionally ovate to circular, adaxial surface flat to broadly convex, 0.3–1.1 (–2) mm; base scarcely
15 KB (1,012 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
Illustrator: Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah State University Culms to 30 cm, mostly glab¬rous, puberulent below the spikes. Sheaths of upper leaves inflated;
5 KB (853 words) - 02:56, 30 July 2020
blades 2-8 cm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, flat to involute, adaxial surfaces mostly glabrous, often pilose basally. Panicles usually with only 1 branch (terminating
7 KB (894 words) - 04:48, 30 July 2020
short cylindric, 0.7–5.5 × 1–3 cm; areoles circular, villous. Spines smooth, relatively hard, all radial, mostly 18–26 per areole, spreading, recurved, or
6 KB (712 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
elongate near apex, in 4–8 rows; transverse-section ovate, occasionally circular or semicircular, adaxial epidermis present, adaxial stereid band present
18 KB (1,487 words) - 07:02, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole apical glands sessile, circular when dry, 0.2–0.3 mm diam.; blade 0.6–1.5 (–3) × 0.5–1.2 cm, length mostly 2 times width or less, membranous
4 KB (448 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Leaves: petiole apical glands sessile, circular when dry, 0.2 mm diam.; blade 0.7–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, length mostly 2 times width or less, firm-thick, marginal
4 KB (473 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
petiole apical glands stipitate, circular when dry, 0.1–0.4 mm diam.; blade 1–2 (–3) × 0.3–0.8 (–1.3) cm, length mostly more than 2 times width, membranous
3 KB (433 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
bracts not glutinous at base; scales mostly 1.1–2.2 mm; achenes whitish to very pale brown. > 5 5 Spikelets mostly solitary, with distinct pedicels; scales
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
[0] 10–34+, pistillate, fertile; corollas white [seldom pinkish], laminae mostly oblong. Disc-florets 300–500, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow [greenish]
10 KB (898 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
portions particularly during late autumn; superficial cortical cells mostly with one ± circular to transversely elliptical pore close to distal cell wall, occasionally
7 KB (717 words) - 07:15, 30 July 2020
absent, adaxial cells quadrate to elongate, in 2–7 rows; transverse-section circular, semicircular or reniform, adaxial epidermis present, adaxial stereid band
13 KB (835 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
ovate to oblong or lanceolate to oblanceolate, strongly unequal or subequal, mostly chartaceous, outer sometimes herbaceous or herbaceous-tipped, margins scarious
11 KB (677 words) - 21:45, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 178. Mentioned on page 177. Plants vinelike, clambering. Roots mostly aerial, but also in soil. Stems light green, 200–400 × 1–2 cm; ribs 4–6
5 KB (690 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
thick, irregularly fissured. Branchlet sprays pinnate. Leaves of branchlets mostly 1.5–2.5 mm, stout, occasionally glandular on keel, apex rounded to acute
6 KB (583 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
secretory petals dark-pink to brick-red, 2–3 mm, with oil-filled blisters mostly on distal portions of outer surfaces; petaloid petals 5–6 mm, connate basally
6 KB (474 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
forming loose, prostrate circular mats 5–80 cm across, proximally bristly stellate-hairy, central radii spreading, 2–3 mm. Leaves mostly clustered near inflorescences;
8 KB (499 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
Plants annual; rhizomes absent; roots purplish brown to black, fibrous. Culms mostly solitary or few together, stout, 60–180 cm, strongly retrorsely scabrous
7 KB (540 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
sprawling to ascending, 2–6 dm, branching from densely scaly base. Leaves mostly alternate, shortly petiolate; blade narrow to broadly rhomboid, lanceolate
5 KB (547 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
segments enclosing utricle, at maturity forming horizontal, membranous, circular wing; pericarp membranous, free. Seeds horizontal, ovate-lenticular or
6 KB (494 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
hard throughout or with a herbaceous margin, lacking appendages. Seeds circular. Phenology: Flowering summer–fall. Habitat: Sea beaches Elevation: 10 m
4 KB (536 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
182. Mentioned on page 97, 183. Shrubs [trees], erect, branched, branches mostly basal, closely parallel [to candelabra-shaped or solitary]. Roots diffuse
15 KB (1,401 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
moderately to densely stellate-hairy. > 4 4 Leaf blades firm-thick, length mostly 2 times width or less, marginal teeth rounded; petiole apical glands sessile
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
Flowers orange. Platanthera ciliaris 14 Spur 8–17 mm, its mouth nearly circular; rostellum lobes strongly retrorsely curved toward apices; viscidia presented
17 KB (518 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
0.5 m. Bark dark-brown, smooth, close; lenticels pale, inconspicuous, circular. Twigs without taste and odor of wintergreen, moderately to densely pubescent
5 KB (584 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
leaves. These glands are especially common on species with sessile leaves. Circular and ranging from green to golden to white, they are present at most nodes
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
with 1–8 papillae, without caruncle except in A. triquetrum. x = 7, 8, 9. Mostly Northern Hemisphere Species 550–700 (96 in the flora). As with many other
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
gland-dotted (in circular, deep pits), resinous. Heads in cymiform to racemiform arrays (1–3 cm wide). Peduncles 0.5–2 mm (bracts 0–3, mostly like outer phyllaries)
6 KB (564 words) - 21:27, 29 July 2020
margins). Blade sparsely to densely scaly, glabrous or pubescent, hairs mostly on veins and abaxial, pale to light-brown, 0.2–0.7 mm. Rachis 1.8–17 dm
6 KB (499 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
shorter, to 0.3 mm thick, apex tapering. Inflorescences: spikelet clusters mostly 2–6, simple or reduced to 1 spikelet, often with 2 capillary branches, one
6 KB (570 words) - 01:42, 30 July 2020
hemispheric, 4–5 × 2.5–4 mm. Phyllaries 28–34 in 4–6 series, mostly whitish tan, midnerves mostly obscure, outer ± thickened distally, convex, ovate or oblong
8 KB (682 words) - 21:45, 29 July 2020
infections), fastigiately branched, glabrous, gland-dotted, resinous. Leaves mostly ascending; blades filiform (adaxially sulcate), 10–35 × 0.5–1.5 mm, midnerves
6 KB (578 words) - 21:15, 29 July 2020
basal leaves, scabridulous; basal branching mostly intravaginal. Leaves basally concentrated; sheaths mostly smooth, some¬times scabridulous distally; ligules
7 KB (977 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
purplish, orange, or yellow), and about 1 mm in diameter. Fallen glands leave circular gray scars. Several species of Coryphantha closely resemble, and may be
25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
concolored scales. > 3 3 Adaxial costae sparsely hairy, hairs ca. 0.5 mm; pinnae mostly falcate. Nephrolepis ×averyi 3 Adaxial costae densely hairy to tomentose
10 KB (597 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
5–1 m. Stem segments not easily detached, green, flattened, obovate to circular, 10–15 × 7.5–12 cm, nearly smooth, glabrous; areoles 5–7 per diagonal row
7 KB (703 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020