papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate
12 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
solitary spikelet; spikelets 1–150; 1st order rays unequal (rarely equal) in length, produced singly from the axils of inflorescence bracts; involucral-bracts
7 KB (420 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
located above the vaginant laminae, and a dorsal lamina that occupies the length of the leaf opposite the vaginant and ventral laminae; costa single, usually
3 KB (198 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
bracteoles. Bracteoles cuneate to ovate or obovate, united at least to 1/2 of length, faces with tubercles or crests or smooth. Seeds: radicle lateral or superior
3 KB (477 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
compressed; stamens (2–) 4, adnate to corolla, didynamous [both pairs of equal length in autogamous forms], staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior
12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
partially adnate to hypanthium, styles 1–5, lateral, distinct, adnate most of length, exsert; ovules 2, superposed. Fruits pomes, yellow to red or purplish to
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
"blade arrangement or course or shape","caryopse presence","cilium height or length or size","cross-section position","distal floret size","endosperm texture"
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
arrangement","septum presence","septum width","series length or size","series quantity","series variability","set length or size","set quantity","set variability"
5 KB (617 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
pubescent or glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate proximally to 1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, usually entire apically, rarely emarginate; stamens
22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those such as F
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret architecture","floret length or size","glume architecture
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
pink, campanulate to urceolate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate 3–70% of their length, petaloid or sepaloid, monomorphic or, rarely, dimorphic, the inner usually
11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
ank":"family","name":"Cyperaceae","properties":["anther fixation","axis length","blade presence","bract architecture","bract arrangement","bract orientation"
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
"culm growth form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret length or size","glume architecture or shape"
12 KB (1,001 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
conic, sometimes clavate, often rough-thickened basally to nearly whole length. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
endosperm absent; embryo straight [curved]; cotyledons 25–40% of total embryo length. Nearly worldwide except very cold or very dry regions, almost confined
10 KB (558 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret architecture","floret length or size","floret reproduction"
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths closed from 1/7 their length to their entire length, terete to compressed, smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent;
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
margins; teeth erect to spreading or divergent, connate at least 1/2 their length, typically shallow, mostly unequal, with alternating long and short awns
6 KB (749 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
floret reproduction","upper glume height or length or size","upper glume length or size","upper glume size or length","upper lemma architecture or pubescence
4 KB (1,009 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
"septum arrangement","septum presence","septum width","series length or size","set length or size","set quantity","set variability","shrub architecture"
19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
3 KB (836 words) - 04:15, 30 July 2020
series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically attenuate, 90–95% length of inner, inner apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata)
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
pubescence","cypsela shape","head architecture","lamina atypical length","lamina length","lamina quantity","lamina width","margin shape","outer phyllarie
4 KB (810 words) - 21:04, 29 July 2020
(4–) 5 (–9) [–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes rudimentary) or 0, distinct or
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
growth form or location","culm length","culm orientation","culm texture","embryo variability","filament shape","floret length or size","glume architecture
3 KB (589 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
overlapping, free from subtending included or exserted bracts for most of length, spirally arranged, strongly flattened, at maturity relatively thin to strongly
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
the valleys) canals. Leaves in whorls, fused part of length into sheaths. Stem ridges traversing length of internode and continuing into sheaths, terminating
11 KB (523 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
"culm growth form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret length or size","floret shape","glume architecture
10 KB (670 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
"gametophyte texture","hair architecture or arrangement","hair arrangement","hair length or size","indument presence","indument quantity","lateral branch quantity"
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
2 KB (728 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
floret reproduction","upper glume height or length or size","upper glume length or size","upper glume size or length","upper lemma architecture or pubescence
6 KB (905 words) - 04:08, 30 July 2020
growth form","culm growth form","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret length or size","floret shape","glume architecture
9 KB (719 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume variability","hair architecture
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
subg. Amphietes","properties":["awn arrangement","awn height or length or size","awn length or size","basal leaf size","bract architecture or shape","bract
5 KB (762 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–6, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or [4–] 5 [–6], distinct; nectary present or absent; stamens 2–5
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
{"rank":"family","name":"Cyperaceae","properties":["anther fixation","axis length","blade presence","bract architecture","bract arrangement","bract orientation"
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
position","leaf presence","leaf quantity","lobe arrangement","lobe fusion","lobe length","lobe orientation","lobe shape","median gland presence","mericarp architecture"
6 KB (496 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence arrangement"
2 KB (706 words) - 04:47, 30 July 2020
position","leaf presence","leaf quantity","lobe arrangement","lobe fusion","lobe length","lobe orientation","lobe shape","margin shape","median gland presence"
6 KB (479 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
"capsule position","cell height or length or size","cell shape","cilium length","costa fragility","costa height or length or size","costa position","cushion
12 KB (810 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
position","leaf presence","leaf quantity","lobe arrangement","lobe fusion","lobe length","lobe orientation","lobe shape","median gland presence","mericarp architecture"
6 KB (525 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
usually equal to or 2 times number of petals, usually in 2 whorls of unequal length, sometimes 1 whorl; anthers versatile [or basifixed], introrse, 2-locular
18 KB (801 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent and with spongy
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
(subfam. Polygonoideae), or 2–10+, usually connate proximally or to 1/2 their length, rarely perfoliate, foliaceous or scalelike, margins entire, sometimes awn-tipped
23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
leaf width","bud life cycle","capsule seta height or length or size","capsule surface height or length or size","opening dehiscence","operculum dehiscence"
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
arrangement","septum presence","septum width","series length or size","series variability","set length or size","set quantity","set variability","shrub architecture"
10 KB (907 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
position","leaf presence","leaf quantity","lobe arrangement","lobe fusion","lobe length","lobe orientation","lobe shape","median gland presence","mericarp architecture"
6 KB (495 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
less than 1/2 tepal length (nearly equaling tepal length in F. camschatcensis, but very narrow and obscure; to 2/3 tepal length in F. affinis); small
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
quantity","sepal shape","short-shoot length or size","short-shoot presence","short-shoot pubescence","stamen height or length or size","stamen quantity","stem
5 KB (546 words) - 13:49, 30 July 2020
sepals 5, imbricate, distinct or connate to 1/2 length; petals 5, distinct or connate basally to most of length, white, greenish yellow, pink, red, or purple
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence arrangement"
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
coating","substance coloration or reflectance","tube height or length or size","tube length or size","whole-organism duration","whole_organism architecture"]}];
25 KB (2,084 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
shape","floret arrangement","floret length","floret pubescence","glume coloration","glume fragility","glume length","glume quantity","glume texture","hair
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence arrangement"
2 KB (701 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret architecture","floret length or size","glume architecture
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
4 KB (866 words) - 04:02, 30 July 2020
form or location","culm length","culm orientation","embryo variability","filament shape","floret architecture","floret length or size","glume architecture
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
used to contrast with involute or revolute margins. In this treatment, the length of the corolla lobes and tube is measured from the point of contact in the
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
shape","capsule course","capsule dehiscence","capsule height or length or size","cel length","filament shape","filament size","floral-tube duration","flower
5 KB (691 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
presence","perianth texture","seed quantity","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stigma quantity","style position","whole_organism habitat"
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
quantity","floret arrangement","floret length or size","floret reproduction","floret shape","glume height or length or size","glume prominence","hilum arrangement
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
architecture","lemma architecture or shape","lemma height or length or size","lemma length or size","lodicule architecture","lodicule texture","palea presence"
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5 (–9), connate most or all of length; petals (3–) 4–5 (–9), distinct (connate distally, forming calyptra, in
10 KB (550 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
shape","capsule course","capsule dehiscence","capsule height or length or size","cel length","filament shape","filament size","floral-tube duration","flower
4 KB (527 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
"properties":["anther dehiscence","bract architecture","bract fusion","bract length","bract quantity","bract shape","branch location","caudex stem architecture
17 KB (813 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
measurement","culm length","culm shape","floral scale quantity","rhizome presence","rhizome thickness","scale prominence","spikelet length","spikelet width"]}
5 KB (597 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
"floret arrangement","floret length or size","floret reproduction","floret shape","glume architecture","glume height or length or size","glume prominence"
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
"base length","base size or length","branch course","branch quantity","calyptra pubescence","calyptra shape","cell development","cell height or length or
18 KB (751 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
arrangement or course or shape","inner stamen length or size","leaf position","nectary position or shape","pedicel length","peduncle prominence","perianth whorl
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
architecture or structure in adjective form","anther dehiscence","anther length or size","anther variability","apex shape","bract architecture","bract architecture
2 KB (518 words) - 05:27, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
12 KB (923 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
position","leaf presence","leaf quantity","lobe arrangement","lobe fusion","lobe length","lobe orientation","lobe shape","margin shape","median gland presence"
6 KB (500 words) - 12:22, 30 July 2020
"name":"Leskeaceae","properties":["illustrator","illustration copyright","apex length or size","basal membrane fusion","basal membrane height","branch architecture"
8 KB (515 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
architecture","capsule position","cell height or length or size","cilium length","costa fragility","costa height or length or size","costa position","cushion architecture"
12 KB (762 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
"medial cell architecture or shape","medial cell height or length or size","medial cell length or size","medial cell shape","membrane prominence","mouth
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
recurved, 1-year old very dark, usually slender, 1–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (0–) 10–40 (–60) % blade, pubescent (young), sessile-glandular (young);
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
reproduction","floret shape","fusoid cell presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","glume size","glume variability","hair
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
perforate, cilia usually appendiculate, to variously reduced in number or length or sometimes absent. Calyptra fugacious, cucullate, small, smooth. Spores
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
presence","glume height or length or size","glume length or size","glume quantity","hair quantity","hair shape","hilum height or length or size","inflorescence
7 KB (646 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
of a combination of characters, notably awn length, length of callus hairs relative to the lemma, glume length and scabrosity, panicle size, and leaf width
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
recurved to form confluent, poorly defined false indusia, extending entire length of segment or discontinuous on apical or lateral lobes. Veins of ultimate
22 KB (1,068 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
"petal fusion","petal quantity","pistil quantity","seed quantity","sepal length","sepal presence","slit dehiscence or orientation","stamen atypical quantity"
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
nodal fringe > 9 9 Styles 1, or (2-)3, connate proximally for 2 or more of length or rarely distinct > 10 9 Styles 3 or 5, occasionally 2, distinct or nearly
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
grooved over sutures, prickly, rarely unarmed, dehiscing from apex ca. 1/3 length, valves separating from framework of vascular elements, to which persistent
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
Perigynium measurements are best taken from perigynia about 1/3 of the spike length. Perigynia become distinctly marrower near the top of the spikes and the
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
"archegonium length or size","border fusion","border variability","branch arrangement or growth form","branch atypical quantity","branch height or length or size"
17 KB (673 words) - 06:50, 30 July 2020
"glume height or length or size","hilum arrangement or course or shape","internode architecture","lemma arrangement","lemma height or length or size","lemma
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
sometimes lost in heat-treated specimens); sporangia following veins for most of length, not covered by reflexed leaf margin (false indusium). Pityrogramma 5 Leaves
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
(subexplanate, sides glabrous in P. personatus), sutures smooth; staminode included, length usually 1/3–3/4 times corolla throat. Seeds angled, wings absent or narrow
3 KB (471 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
architecture or structure in adjective form","anther dehiscence","anther length or size","anther variability","apex shape","bract architecture","bract architecture
2 KB (474 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
measurement","base duration","base size","blade presence","bract height or length or size","cavity position","culm architecture or arrangement or growth form"
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020