short-subulate; sheath 1.5–2cm, shed early. Pollen cones cylindric, ca. 6–10mm, pale yellowbrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling
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conic-subulate; sheath (1–) 1.5–2cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orangebrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon
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spreading-ascending; twigs stout (to 2cm thick), purple-brown, often glaucous, aging rough. Buds ovoid, tan to pale redbrown, 2–3cm, not resinous; scale margins
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serrulate distally, apex conic-acute; sheath 0.8–1.2cm, shed early. Pollen cones cylindro-ovoid, ca. 10–15mm, scarlet. Seed-cones remaining on tree (unless
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in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike or bristlelike
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1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, veins 1–8 (–10) per side
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usually with 2-22 florets, sometimes with 1, sterile florets usually distal to the reproductively functional florets, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminate or
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solitary (sometimes paired or clustered) often plicate in bud, usually 1/2 divided, often 10-ribbed at base (unribbed in S. hermaphrodita) or angulate, lobes acute
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Caryopses usually dorsally compressed or terete; embryos 1/2 or more the length of the caryopses. x = 9, 10. The tribe Paniceae, which includes about 100 genera
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from 2/3 as long as to subequal to the lemmas, distinctly 2-keeled, margins and intercostal regions milky white to slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly
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appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
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or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
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(Platystele Garay), to 15–20 cm diameter (some Paphiopedilum Pfitzer, Phragmipedium Rolfe, and Cattleya Lindley spp.), and ultimately to 76 cm [Phragmipedium caudatum
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forming tube that may also bear a corona, usually petaloid and ± equal in 2 whorls of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal
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in sexuality and shape, sometimes missing. x = usually 9 or 10, or possibly 5 with 9 and 10 reflecting ancient polyploidy. The tribe Andropogoneae includes
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471. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (often ± woolly annuals 1–10 cm). Leaves basal and/or cauline; usually alternate, rarely opposite; petiolate
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7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal, or basal and cauline;
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prismatic or compressed to flattened, rarely, if ever, beaked, bodies often 10-ribbed or (4–) 5-angled, smooth or papillate to rugose between ribs or angles
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et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora.... 47+ vols. New York. Ser. 2, part 10, pp. 50–139. Barkley, T. M., B. L. Clark, and A. M. Funston. 1996. The
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falling, of 30–80+, white to stramineous, barbellulate to smooth bristles. x = 10. Nearly worldwide, mostly in warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020