Ensifolii 5 Leaves flat, not septate Juncus subg. Graminifolii 6 Capsules large; seeds large, long tailed; leaves not noticeably septate Juncus subg. Alpini 6
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 489. Plants small to large, in loose or dense masses. Primary-stems creeping. Secondary stems prostrate
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after the early branching of Ludwigia (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). This large and diverse lineage is distinguished by the presence of a floral tube beyond
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endosperm hard, without lipid; starch-grains compound; embryos small or large relative to the caryopses; epiblasts absent; scutellar cleft present or absent;
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capitate. Fruits capsular, green, subglobose to elongate, 3-locular, large, leathery. Seeds large, green, fleshy. x = 20, 23. se and sc United States, West Indies
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group of hydroids, but no abaxial epidermis of larger cells; basal-cells abruptly differentiated, large and rectangular, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled,
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terminal, solitary; flowers solitary or 2–several in lax racemose spike; bracts large, foliaceous. Flowers resupinate, showy; sepals distinct or lateral sepals
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on page 10, 118, 173, 186, 191, 216, 217, 220, 223, 236. Plants small to large, in loose to dense tufts or mats. Stems green, yellow-green, brown, reddish-brown
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Mentioned on page 38, 50, 57, 59, 73, 77, 651, 664, 667. Plants small, sometimes large, in tufts or loose cushions. Stems erect (creeping in O. kellmanii), branches
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angular to squarish or circular, often warped, 1.9–7 mm, commonly bearing 1–4 large depressions per side due to pressure from adjacent developing seeds, glabrous;
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on page 102. Mentioned on page 108. Plants dark green to black, small to large, often in dense turf. Stems erect, irregularly branched, bearing rhizoids
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409, 410, 417, 421, 433, 441, 456, 461, 655, 656, 657. Plants small to large, in loose to dense mats, light to dark green, sometimes whitish, yellowish
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or less quadrate, papillose on one or both exposed surfaces with several large, branching or C-shaped papillae; marginal cells sometimes longer proximally
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page 10, 118, 141, 191, 192, 196, 200, 213, 662, 666. Plants very small to large, as scattered plants or deep, sometimes extensive, turfs. Stems 0.1–10 cm
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Mentioned on page 13, 294, 300, 307, 386, 398. Plants medium-sized to very large, green, yellowish, brownish, or sometimes red. Stems distichously or radially
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compressed-shortened, distal end tapered to point or praemorse, apex bearing large terminal bud, numerous cataphylls, and contractile, adventitious, ringed
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cells rhomboidal, large; basal-cells oblong; distal cells oblong or oblong-hexagonal. Perichaetia with leaves similar, often larger. Seta erect, usually
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single, ending before the tip to excurrent; distal and medial laminal cells large, rhombic-hexagonal to rectangular, lax and rather thin-walled, proximal cells
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sect. Costatae (Regel) Koehne consists of large, mesophytic trees, often with dark, close or exfoliating bark, large thin leaves, infructescence scales with
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Treatment on page 571. Mentioned on page 520, 535, 575. Plants in small to large mats, usually golden to yellow-green, glossy or dull. Stems reddish green
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