Treatment on page 518. Mentioned on page 510, 512, 515. Shrubs, 5–15 or 20–150 (–200) cm, aromatic; root-sprouting (caudices with adventitious-buds, fibrous-rooted)
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Association Shrubs, 20–150 (–200) cm. Leaves 1.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, lobes linear, to 0.5 mm wide. Heads in spiciform arrays (6–) 8–15 (–35) × (1–) 4–5 cm. Involucres
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blades linear-filiform, to 1 mm wide. > 5 4 Plants tall, usually (20–)30–150(–200) cm, more robust, densely to sparsely tufted perennials; leaf blades 1+
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1991), who usually favored traditional generic circumscriptions. In the last 20 years or so, developments in molecular systematics have led to revisions of
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Mentioned on page 51, 136, 148, 149, 157, 170. Annuals or perennials, (5–) 20–300 (–500) cm. Stems erect or ascending to decumbent or procumbent, usually branched
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8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal, or basal and cauline;
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Synonyms: Achaetogeron A. Gray Trimorpha Cassini Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 256. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 36, 204, 257
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appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 465. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose
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×arizonica, Agave ×glomeruliflora Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 323. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 150. 1754. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson Common names: Century plant Etymology:
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66, 67. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, trees], 7–15+ cm (Verbesina nana) or 30–200 (–400) [–2500+] cm. Stems usually erect, usually branched (internodes
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Treatment on page 448. Mentioned on page 20, 427, 433, 449, 450, 454, 461, 468, 469. Shrubs, subshrubs, or trees, 0–150 [–180] dm. Stems 1–25, erect, ascending
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cylindric, sometimes tapering distally, (1–) 2–70 (–130) [–200] × (0.6–) 1–15 cm, less than 40 cm at flowering, skin hard and brittle (less often soft), tuberculate
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page 396. Mentioned on page 5, 255, 364, 365, 366. Annuals or perennials, 5–150 cm. Stems erect, simple or branched (aerial shoots often from subterranean
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335, 336, 352, 354, 363, 380. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 1–200 cm. Stems erect or decumbent, usually branched (proximally, distally, or ±
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 114. Mentioned on page 65, 66, 67. Perennials, 20–150 cm. Stems erect, usually branched. Leaves basal and cauline; opposite (proximal)
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page 460, 507. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (12–) 30–120 (–200) cm. Stems mostly erect, often much branched (sometimes virgate, often striate)
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in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike or bristlelike
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in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 88. Mentioned on page 8, 9, 13, 87, 89, 94, 95, 437. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–150 (–200) cm (taprooted)
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429. Annuals, biennials, or perennials (sometimes aromatic), (4–) 15–150 (–200) cm (usually taprooted, sometimes fibrous-rooted). Stems 1+, usually erect
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species Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 629. Mentioned on page 540, 542. Shrubs, mostly 30–200 cm. Stems 1–5+, erect to spreading (tomentose
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appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 230. Mentioned on page 10, 13, 14, 211, 214, 222, 231. Annuals or perennials, (5–) 30–60 (–200) cm (sometimes becoming
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perennials, 3–120 cm; usually taprooted, sometimes rhizomatous (roots deep or shallow, woody or fibrous, caudices often woody). Stems 1–20+, erect to decumbent
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these often sharply distinct from the blades of the cauline leaves. Culms 5-150 cm, herbaceous, hollow, usually erect or ascending, rarely sprawling, in the
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rhizomatous, or stoloniferous. Culms 3-400 cm, erect, spreading or prostrate, sometimes trailing for 200+ cm. Sheaths open; auricles sometimes present;
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Inflorescences terminal, 2-9-flowered cymes or umbels, or flowers solitary, to 60 cm; involucres present, often with primary involucres subtending inflorescences
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subshrubs 100–200 cm that are initially arachnose to tomentose, soon glabrescent, and have oblanceolate to linear or filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small
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257, 300, 301, 306. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal, or basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; opposite and/or
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terminal, sometimes also axillary, (1-) 2-200-flowered panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts
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morphological similarities. Estimates of numbers of species in Ribes range from 150 to 200. The plants are found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere; it is likely
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Treatment on page 473. Mentioned on page 40, 471, 474. Perennials [annuals], 20–200 cm. Leaves basal (usually withering before flowering) and cauline; petiolate
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Mentioned on page 466, 467, 469, 475, 477, 501, 509, 516. Perennials, 30–150 (–200) cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous (rhizomes
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shoots not keeled and tubular, of extravaginal shoots scalelike. Culms 1-150 cm, hollow, usually unbranched above the base. Sheaths from almost completely
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1803 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 480. Mentioned on page 467, 481. Annuals, (10–) 30–150 cm; taprooted. Stems 1, erect (often with
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appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 150. Mentioned on page 142, 143, 151, 153. Annuals or perennials, 30–200 cm (taprooted). Stems decumbent to erect
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Plants (30–) 50–150 (–200) cm. Stems erect, glabrous or densely and retrorsely pubescent. Leaves: ocrea reddish-brown, funnelform, 1–2.2 cm, margins oblique
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Mentioned on page 65, 66, 119, 120. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (10–) 30–150 cm. Stems erect, usually branched from bases, often throughout (scapiform in
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often cespitose, sometimes mat-forming, rarely stoloniferous. Culms 2-300 cm, erect, geniculate, or decumbent, usually herbaceous, sometimes becoming woody
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FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 193. Mentioned on page 11, 13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually
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in many regions of the world as naturalized or casual aliens Species 190–200 (63 in the flora). Carefully collected mature specimens with well-developed
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Receptacles glabrous (paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 78. Illustrator: Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 50–200 cm (short
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Treatment on page 462. Mentioned on page 459, 461, 470, 471. Perennials, 30–200 cm. Stems erect, usually not branched proximal to arrays of heads (from caudices
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Inflorescence bracts 1, 10–15 mm. Pedicels 0.3–0.4 (–0.7) cm × 1 mm. Flowers (5–) 6–10 cm diam.; sepals lanceolate, (11–) 14–18 × 6–9 mm; petals 5 (–8)
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1836 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 532. Mentioned on page 476, 533, 534, 537. Perennials 10–60 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. Stems
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well-developed trunks. Stems dark green, growing to 200 cm per season; ribs from base to rib crest 3–5 cm, less than 1 cm thick. Spines abruptly thickened at base
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plants to 50 cm, leaf blades linear to narrowly elliptic (mostly 2–7 cm × 4–8 mm), involucres mostly hemispheric, usually much less than 1 cm high or wide
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Treatment on page 410. Plants densely cespitose, with¬out rhizomes. Culms 30-150 (200) cm, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes scabrous. Sheaths closed for less than
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page 598. Plants (50–) 70–150 (–200) cm. Stems erect, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves: ocrea reddish-brown, funnelform, 1–3 cm, margins oblique, glabrous
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or not, unbranched proximal to inflorescence, trigonous, (6–) 10–100 (–125) cm (high-climbing into trees), weak or wiry. Leaves few-to-many per culm, cauline
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Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–100+ cm. Leaf-blades obovate or oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, 30–50 (–100+) × 10–20 (–40+) mm, margins entire or denticulate
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