bristles with diameters less than ca. 50 mm are called fine bristles; pliable to stiff bristles with diameters 50–100 mm are called coarse bristles. Rigid pappus
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present; styles 1-12 mm; seeds winged. Selenia 22 Fruits 30-45(-50) mm; gynophores 7-18 mm. Lunaria 22 Fruits 1-15 mm; gynophores 0-0.5 mm > 23 23 Fruits dehiscent
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cross-section, rarely filiform, involute, or rounded, commonly less than 20 mm wide, if flat then with distinct midvein. Inflorescences terminal, consisting
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 459. Mentioned on page 456. Annuals, biennials, perennials
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glumes and beneath the florets, sometimes below the glumes. Spikelets 0.7-50 mm, laterally compressed, sometimes weakly so, sometimes viviparous, usually
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Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 32, 33, 38, 40, 41, 42, 63, 64
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ETS) data: Reinstatement of Herrickia and a new genus, Triniteurybia. Sida 21: 889–900. Cronquist, A. and D. D. Keck. 1957. A reconstitution of the genus
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Treatment on page 50. Mentioned on page 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 49. Herbs or shrubs, sometimes vines in Asparagus, perennial, mostly geophytic
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cylindric or turbinate to campanulate, 5–15 (–40) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually ± 5, 8, 13, or 21 [34] in (1–) 2 series, distinct (margins interlocking)
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mostly 3–8+ cm and radiate heads with yellow corollas (laminae mostly 15–25+ mm) borne on peduncles mostly 3–15+ cm are cultivated in warm areas of the flora
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the subtribe Sonchinae (Asteraceae): Evidence from ITS sequences. Syst. Bot. 21: 417–432. Lee, J., B. G. Baldwin, and L. D. Gottlieb. 2002. Phylogeny of Stephanomeria
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Pseudabutilon 9 Styles 3–6-branched; petals 3–5 mm. Wissadula 9 Styles 6–12-branched; petals 6–21 mm > 10 10 Mericarps with medial constriction, distal
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Involucres 0.7-4 mm; flowers 2-4 mm; perianth usually white to pink; widespread Eriogonum wrightii 28 Involucres (4-)5-6 mm; flowers usually 4-5 mm; perianth
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Undefined) subtribe Zinniinae Bentham & Hooker f. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 64. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials
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oblong, or elliptic, rarely linear, 1–70 mm wide. > 21 21 Pollen sacs 0.3–1.2 mm, opposite; corollas 7–22 mm, throats 2-ridged abaxially, sometimes rounded
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Undefined) subtribe Eriophyllinae Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 335. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 336, 364. Annuals, perennials
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2–18), Callitricheae Dumortier (genera 19 and 20), Cheloneae D. Don (genera 21–27), Digitalideae Dumortier (genus 28), Gratioleae D. Don (genera 29–38),
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
Undefined) subtribe Petrobiinae Bentham & Hooker f. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 183. Mentioned on page 6, 41, 184. Annuals, perennials
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corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 5–35 mm diam. Phyllaries 30–125 (–150) in 2–5 series, 1-nerved or 3-nerved (nerves
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(tribe Undefined) subtribe Amauriinae Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 316. Mentioned on page 5, 317. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs
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to oblong-lanceolate, 4-13 mm; styles 0.3-1.2 mm > 21 21 Petals 2-2.5(-3) mm, erect, not clawed; anthers oblong, 0.6-0.9 mm; fruits plane; rachises usually
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cylindric or fusiform to turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked
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(tribe Undefined) subtribe Palafoxiinae Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 364. Mentioned on page 5, 253. Annuals, biennials, perennials
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natural history of North Carolina in 1737) Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 491. Mentioned on page 460, 507. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs
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taxonomic revision of the Castilleja viscidula group. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 21: 1–63. Pennell, F. W. 1934b. Castilleja in Alaska and northwestern Canada
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spikelets mostly 4–10 mm diam.; achenes 2.3–5.5 mm, smooth. Bolboschoenus 23 Bracts 2+, the proximal 10+ mm, exceeding spikelets by at least 3 mm; spikelets usually
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(tribe Undefined) subtribe Tageteae Cassini Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 221. Mentioned on page 5, 222, 364. Annuals, perennials
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series and laminae (3–) 5–18 (–21) × 0.8–2.8 mm, sometimes 14–110+ in 2–5+ series (sect. Conyzopsis) and laminae 4.5–5 × 0.1–0.2 mm or reduced to tubes. Disc
7 KB (663 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
Undefined) subtribe Lagasceinae Bentham & Hooker f. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 135. Mentioned on page 7, 43, 63, 173, 175, 182. Annuals
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hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric, (1–) 4–12 (–25+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, mostly (4–) 8–21 (–30+) in ± 2 series, usually distinct, sometimes connate
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
(Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) Sida 21: 815–826. Nesom, G. L. 2005. Infrageneric classification of Liatris (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae). Sida 21: 1305–1321. Liatris acidota
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FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 413. Mentioned on page 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 51, 303, 414. Plants usually perennial, occasionally epiphytic, sometimes
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or lanceolate, 1-15 mm; petals 0-22 (-150), distinct, yellow, rarely white, red, or green, plane, linear to orbiculate, 1-26 mm; nectary present, usually
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sometimes borne singly. Involucres cylindric or campanulate to hemispheric, 4–22 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–84 in (3–) 4–6 (–9) series, 1 (–3) -nerved (not keeled)
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aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17. North America, Mexico, in the Old World Species
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bractlets. Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13, or 21 (–30+) in 1–2 series, erect (reflexed in fruit),
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terminal cymes > 21 21 Sepals 1-5 mm, forming obconic to campanulate cup, commissuresbetween sepals scarious Gypsophila 21 Sepals 7-25 mm, forming cylindric
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Opuntioideae), pyriform, obovoid, lenticular-reniform, or nearly circular, 0.4–12 mm diam.; testa glossy or dull; rarely with corky arillate appendages (strophioles
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
Mithridates Eupator, King of Pontus, 132–63 B.C. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 462. Mentioned on page 459, 461, 470, 471. Perennials,
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exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to 3 mm, sometimes glabrous; style glabrous.
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described species from Peru). Likewise, flowers vary in size from less than 1 mm and barely visible to the naked eye (Platystele Garay), to 15–20 cm diameter
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
callus, alluding to calloused cypselae margins Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 317. Mentioned on page 333, 334. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 42. Mentioned on page 6, 43, 64, 135. Annuals, biennials
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proximal abaxial costa surface. Tomentypnum 8 Stem leaves to 1 mm > 9 8 Stem leaves longer than 1 mm > 17 9 Rhizoids or rhizoid initials on stem, abaxial costa
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Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 99, plate 9. 1852 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 323. Mentioned on page 317, 324. Perennials or subshrubs
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anthers; petals 10–35 mm. > 21 21 Corollas rotate; petals oblanceolate [6h.1. sect. Phaeostoma subsect. Lautiflorae]. Clarkia lingulata 21 Corollas bowl-shaped;
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Involucres campanulate, cylindric, ellipsoid, or fusiform, 2–8+ mm diam. Phyllaries 3–15 [–21] in 1 series (usually distinct, falling individually, each with
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
and, sometimes, stoloniferous > 18 17 Sepals 3-10 mm; hypanthia 4-10 mm; capsules 8-11 mm; styles 1-2 mm; ovaries nearly superior; petals narrowly lanceolate
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or 2 plump lobes. 2n = 38 (29), 57 (1), 76 (16), 95 (1), 114 (4), unknown (21). North America, Eurasia Species ca. 204 (63 species in the flora). Nineteen
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branches 12–21 per flower; capsules muricate; flower nectaries absent; hairs unbranched. Caperonia 17 Petals 0 (sepals petaloid in Manihot). > 21 21 Petioles
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