areoles completely separate from flowering areoles in some genera, bearing 0–90 spines, glochids absent. Spines acicular, subulate, daggerlike, ribbonlike
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setiform scales (0.25–0.5 mm; rarely present) plus 2 series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically attenuate, 90–95% length of inner, inner
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334. Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or rhizomatous and fibrous-rooted,
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appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
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Brickellia venosa, Brickellia veronicifolia Elliott Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 290. 1823. Randall W. Scott Etymology: For John Brickell, 1748–1809, Irish-born
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rarely between ovary and perianth or ovary and pedicel; perianth of 6 tepals in 2 whorls, all petaloid or sepals sometimes greener and more foliaceous in texture;
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denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes papillate or smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight to recurved
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rounded or pointed tip, or stigmas slenderly or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes. 2n = 38 (29), 57 (1), 76 (16), 95 (1), 114 (4), unknown (21). North America
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corolla rotate, cupulate, campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers
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ringed at base by a nectary, distally 2-branched with stigmatic papillae borne on adaxial face of each branch in 2 separate or contiguous lines or in 1
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from axils of previous year’s leaves, 1–64 (–90) [–100] -flowered, racemes, corymbs, umbellate fascicles, 2-flowered fascicles, or solitary; bracts sometimes
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funnelform]. Fruits capsular, mostly loculicidal. Seeds [1–6–] 15–90 or more, mostly under 2 [–4] mm, mostly ridged or lined. Tropical and subtropical regions
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exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to 3 mm, sometimes glabrous; style glabrous
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Involucres hemispheric to narrowly campanulate, 5–15 (–30) × 5–60 mm. Phyllaries 10–40 in 2–6 series, appressed to loosely spreading, 1-nerved, oblanceolate
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sessiliflora, Lechea stricta, Lechea tenuifolia, Lechea torreyi Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 90. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 40. 1754. David E. Lemke Common names: Pinweed Etymology:
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oblong, or elliptic, rarely linear, 1–70 mm wide. > 21 21 Pollen sacs 0.3–1.2 mm, opposite; corollas 7–22 mm, throats 2-ridged abaxially, sometimes rounded
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Mentioned on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose, usually ± strongly heterophyllous, usually eglandular
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major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments capillary
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species, membranous. Flowers erect (pendent in A. triquetrum); tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, ± distinct, petallike, usually becoming becoming dry and persisting;
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unisexual (dioecious in R. setigera or monoecious), 10–90 (–100) mm diam.; hypanthium 2–5 (–10) mm, glabrous, puberulent, tomentose, or setose, eglandular
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rolled into fusiform structure, unmodified, or shortened and oriented at 90° angles to outer leaves. Leaves submersed or both submersed and floating,
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grooved, convex, or flat adaxially, often not glandular, sometimes with 1 or 2 pairs of spherical glands distally; largest medial blade amphistomatous, hemiamphistomatous
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at base. Seeds many, elliptic, 2–4 mm, bearing white or yellowish, large, oily, myrmecochorous elaiosome (aril). x = 5.2n = 10 in all American species recorded
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chartaceous or scarious or margins and/or apices notably scarious, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, subequal, and herbaceous with margins and/or apices barely
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
below the glumes. Spikelets 0.7-50 mm, laterally compressed, sometimes weakly so, sometimes viviparous, usually with 2-22 florets, sometimes with 1, sterile
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stoloniferous, sometimes with creeping rhizomes 0.5–1 mm thick, tubers absent. Culms terete, to 90 cm × 2 mm. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths usually persistent
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usually thin, loculicidal. Seeds [1–] 15–90 or more, mealy or translucent, ovoid to cylindric, 0.3–1 (–4) mm, variously lined and cross-lined; endosperm
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or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
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rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Most members of the Cynodonteae in the Flora
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Triquetrae, Carex sect. Vesicariae, Carex sect. Vulpinae Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 972. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 420. 1754. Peter W. Ball, A. A. Reznicek Common
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
or irregularly bristly, the teeth or setae 0.1–2+ mm), epaleate. Ray-florets 0 (in X. grindelioides and 2 Mexican taxa) or 12–60+, pistillate, fertile;
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than 0.1 mm) or denticulate (teeth 0.1+ mm). Vestiture of the sides of the anthers varies from absent to densely lanate, the hairs reaching 4 mm and obscuring
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rounded, entire or slightly emarginate; awns straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices. Bromus sect. Bromopsis is sometimes incorrectly called
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nectary usually present; stamens 2–10; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally, rarely glabrous; anthers
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styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
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greenish or red tinged, actinomorphic, 0.5–2 cm diam.; tepals 6, often connate basally, each bearing 1 or 2, sometimes obscure to absent, yellow to green
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ramulosa, Lessingia tenuis, Lessingia virgata Chamisso Linnaea 4: 203, plate 2, fig. 2. 1829. Staci Markos Etymology: For C. F. Lessing, 1809–1862, German-born
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abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
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absent, auricles 2, coronal appendages 2, variously shaped or dissected; limb usually exserted and conspicuous, oblanceolate to obovate, apex 2-lobed, sometimes
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then typically furcate or bifurcate, often imperfectly so (2 + 1 branches, rather than 2 + 2). Trichome rays are usually appressed or parallel to surfaces
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
169. Mentioned on page 136, 148, 170, 171, 173. Annuals or perennials, (2–) 10–90 (–120+) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly
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teeth, 4–5 mm (2–4 mm from sinus), 70–90% as long as beak, puberulent; teeth erect, white, sometimes with deeply colored bases, 0.5–2 mm. 2n = 24. Generated
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1–10-ribbed, sometimes 2–10-ridged (ridges yellow to redbrown, clavate, translucent), faces sparsely to moderately strigose; pappi persistent, in (2–) 3 (–4) series
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not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, or cylindric, 3–25 × 2–9 mm; areoles of 2 kinds: vegetative areoles (spine clusters) at tips of tubercles;
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
or pyramidal) protuberances to coalescent as vertical ribs; ribs 2–30 [–40+], if ribs 2, stems winged, if ribs 3 or more, stems ± angled; short-shoots (areoles)
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
cylindric or turbinate to hemispheric, 3–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or falling (in fruit), 8–14 in 2–3 series (erect in flowering, reflexed in fruit
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glumes 2-keeled, flat or concave, usually not veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
ovoid or ellipsoid, 2.5-12 mm > 2 1 Fruits prominently 5-ribbed, ± obovoid, sometimes narrowly so and tapering at both ends, 3-6 mm > 11 2 Flowers 6-16 per
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
in many species of sect. Rhexia. In R. cubensis (2x, 4x, 6x), R. nashii (4x, 6x), and R. virginica (2x, 4x), conspecific plants of different ploidy apparently
15 KB (925 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
apex not 2-lobed, although sometimes slightly notched; anthers depressed-ovate or transversely oblong; pistil 4-carpellate, ovary inferior to 1/2 inferior
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