spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed. Capsules: dehiscence loculicidal
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and androecium hypogynous; sepals (3 or) 4 or 5, proximally connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 3–5, proximally connate, corolla bilaterally
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(–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading at anthesis, lanceolate
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
perigynous; hypanthium present; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally (or into tube); petals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
Onagraceae (47 spp.), Campanulaceae (2 spp.), Commelinaceae (2 spp.), Clusiaceae (2 spp.), Iridaceae (3 spp.), Paeoniaceae (2 spp.), and Papaveraceae (1 sp.)
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
the wet habitats in which some species grow Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual or perennial, from tuberous roots, caudices, rhizomes, stolons
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spreading upon drying), 3–12 × 1.7–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–35 in 3–5 series, midnerves usually ± swollen and translucent, sometimes plus 2–5 secondary nerves (striate
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
20. Treatment on page 465. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose, usually ± strongly
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
anthers 2-locular; pistil 1, 2-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-2-locular or incompletely to completely multilocular by placental intrusion; placentas 2 or more
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sometimes 2-locular proximally (Vaccaria), or 3–5-locular (some Silene); styles 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers), distinct; stigmas 2–3 (–5) (absent
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
racemes or panicles; bracteoles 2 or absent. Flowers: tepals (4–) 6 in 2 whorls; stamens (2–) 3–6. Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, septicidal. Seeds many
6 KB (363 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
ovary superior, 3-lobed, sometimes crested with processes, 3-locular, usually 2 ovules per locule (6–8 in A. nigrum), crest processes 3 or 6, smooth except
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
multiple, the bases not fused into a single column; anthers 1-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2, separate throughout, bases close. Caryopses often with a free
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
cupules bearing 1-3 (-15 or more) pistillate flowers. Staminate flowers bracteate, bracts often caducous; sepals (3-) 4-6 (-8); stamens (3-) 6-12 (-18 or
13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
longer than the lemmas; lodicules 2, without venation, usually ciliate; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses ovoid to fusiform
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
Triflorae, Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Virides Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 816. 1838. James B. Phipps Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
scales usually persistent at base, in cross-section with 2–many roundish bundles, or bundles 2 and lunate. Blade simple to commonly 1–5-pinnate or more
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
unilateralis, Carex vexans, Carex wootonii, Carex xerantica Kunth Enum. Pl. 2: 394. 1837. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae usually obpyramidal, sometimes clavate, columnar, or obconic (lengths usually 1–2.5, rarely to 3.5 diams.), mostly
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
tubular-salverform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous
20 KB (1,850 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
usually actinomorphic, rarely slightly zygomorphic (in Oenothera), (3 or) 4-merous; stamens 2 times as many, or rarely as many, as sepals; pollen usually shed
5 KB (617 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
lodicules 2 or 3; anthers 1 or 3, sometimes differing in length within a floret; ovaries glabrous throughout or pubescent distally; styles 2 (3-4) -branched
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
leaves in capitate glomerules). Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands (2–) 4, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages petaloid or absent
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
proximally and/or medially), usually (12–30+) in 3–10+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct and subequal to equal, medially
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
mm, filaments of 2 anterior stamens often with nectaries protruding into spur, anther dehiscence by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate;
13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
hyaline wings; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2–3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous
7 KB (420 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
versatile, dehiscence longitudinal; ovary superior or inferior, 3-locular or occasionally 1-locular, 3-angled, ovoid, or cylindrical, with axillary or rarely parietal
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
shorter than to 2 times longer than achene, retrorsely (to antrorsely) spinulose or sometimes smooth stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base (tubercle)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
not treated as a distinct structure here). Involucres 1 per node, rarely 2–3 per cluster, not appressed to inflorescence branches, turbinate to campanulate;
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper petals 2, spurred, enclosed in upper sepal
9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
orange or red-orange (apices usually ± deeply divided, lobes usually 3, sometimes 2). Disc-florets 1–200+, bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate;
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
cylindric, turbinate, or hemispheric or broader. Phyllaries persistent, 3–34+ in ± 2 series (usually distinct, notably connate in Thelesperma), usually ±
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
absent, auricles 2, coronal appendages 2, variously shaped or dissected; limb usually exserted and conspicuous, oblanceolate to obovate, apex 2-lobed, sometimes
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
triplets usually with 1 sessile and 2 pedicellate spikelets, terminal spikelet units on the branches often with 2 pedicellate spikelets even if the others
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
Sida spinosa, Sida tragiifolia, Sida ulmifolia, Sida urens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 683. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 306. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
rounded or pointed tip, or stigmas slenderly or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes. 2n = 38 (29), 57 (1), 76 (16), 95 (1), 114 (4), unknown (21). North America
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
reflexed, recurved, or revolute leaf margin (false indusium). Sporangia stalk of 2–3 rows of cells; annulus vertical, interrupted by stalk; spores 64 or 32 (rarely
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
are closed for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
margins ciliate or eciliate, auriculate, auricles prominent or not; upper 2 and lateral 2 petals showy, 5+ mm, lowest petal showy, not narrowed at middle of limb;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
usually glabrous, margins involute; upper paleas striate; lodicules 2; anthers 3. Caryopses smooth; pericarp thin; endosperm hard; hila round or oval
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small heads in corymbiform arrays, ± 13 phyllaries 3–4 mm, and 7–8 ray florets with corolla laminae 2–3 mm. G. L. Nesom
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base persistent
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
present, often glandular; blade ± ovate to narrowly elliptic or obovate, (1.2–) 2–8 (–12) cm, wider leaves shallowly to deeply incised (rarely pinnately compound)
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
radially symmetric, sometimes slightly irregular (in Montia); sepals 2–9; petals (1–) 2–19 or sometimes absent, distinct or connate basally; stamens 1–many
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles); pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–) 2 (–8+)
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
Leaves basal and cauline; finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
and smooth, knobby, notched, or antrorsely or retrorsely barbed, (2) dendritic, and/or (3) stinging. Leaves alternate [opposite], simple; stipules absent;
12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020