Alliaria petiolata

(M. Bieberstein) Cavara & Grande

Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 3: 418. 1913.

WeedyIntroducedIllustrated
Basionym: Arabis petiolata M. Bieberstein Fl. Taur.-Cauc. 2: 126. 1808
Synonyms: Alliaria officinalis Andrzejowski ex M. Bieberstein Erysimum alliaria Linnaeus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 745.

Stems simple or branched distally, (1.5–) 3–9 (–13) dm; glabrous or pilose basally, trichomes to 1.5 mm. Basal leaves: petiole 3–16 (–22) cm; blade reniform or cordate, (6–) 15–88 (–118) mm wide (shorter in length), surfaces glabrous or pilose. Cauline leaves: petiole shorter than basal; blade ovate, cordate, or deltate, to 15 × 15 cm, base cordate or truncate, margins acutely to obtusely toothed, apex acute. Racemes several-flowered. Fruiting pedicels terete, (2–) 3–10 (–15) mm. Flowers: sepals (2–) 2.5–3.5 (–4.5) × 0.7–1.5 mm; petals (2.5–) 4–8 (–9) × (1.5–) 2–3 (–3.5) mm, base attenuate to clawlike; filaments 2–3.5 (–4.5) mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm. Fruits divaricate-ascending, subtorulose, quadrangular or subterete, (2–) 3–7 (–8) cm × 1.2–2.5 mm; style (0.2–) 1–2 (–3) mm. Seeds dark-brown or black, narrowly oblong, 2–4.5 × 0.7–2 mm. 2n = 42.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat: Roadsides, trails, railroad tracks, stream banks, waste places, fields, shaded woodlands, bluffs, thickets, steep slopes, disturbed fields, floodplains, woods, shaded forest floor
Elevation: 0-1200 m

Distribution

V7 1311-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; B.C., Ont., Conn., Del., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., South America (Argentina), Eurasia, n Africa

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Alliaria petiolata"
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
(M. Bieberstein) Cavara & Grande +
attenuate +  and clawlike +
Arabis petiolata +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
not +  and auriculate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
sinuate +, dentate +  and crenate +
deltate;cordate;deltate;cordate;ovate;cordate;reniform +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
distinct +
indistinct +
differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
incumbent +  and accumbent +
B.C. +, Ont. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, South America (Argentina) +, Eurasia +  and n Africa +
0-1200 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
connate +  and distinct +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
divaricate-ascending +
subterete +, quadrangular +  and subtorulose +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
4-angled +, subterete +, terete +, subtorulose +, torulose +  and linear +
Roadsides, trails, railroad tracks, stream banks, waste places, fields, shaded woodlands, bluffs, thickets, steep slopes, disturbed fields, floodplains, woods, shaded forest floor +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
dentate +  and entire +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
rudimentary +
oblanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–May. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli +
several-flowered +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, biseriate +  and uniseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
black +  and dark-brown +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
reduced +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
Weedy +, Introduced +  and Illustrated +
tetradynamous +
branched +  and simple +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
pilose +  and glabrous +
entire +  and capitate +
2-lobed +, entire +, conical +  and capitate +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
persistent +
distinct +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
pilose +  and glabrous +
Alliaria officinalis +  and Erysimum alliaria +
Alliaria petiolata +
Alliaria +
species +
scale-like +  and forked +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
anastomosing +
biennial +  and annual +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
pubescent +  and glabrous +