Alopecurus myosuroides

Huds.
Common names: Blackgrass Slender meadow foxtail
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 786.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants annual; tufted. Culms (10) 40-85 cm, erect. Ligules 2-6 mm, obtuse; blades (2) 3.5-6 mm wide; upper sheaths somewhat inflated. Panicles 4-12 cm long, 3-7 mm wide. Glumes 4.5-7.5 mm, connate in the lower 1/2, coriaceous, sides glabrous, keels winged, ciliate, scabrous distally, lateral-veins ciliate or glabrous proximally, apices acute, convergent to parallel; lemmas 4-7 mm, connate in the lower 1/3-1/2, glabrous, apices acute, awns to 12 mm, geniculate, exceeding the lemmas by 3-6 mm; anthers 2.4-4.1 mm, yellow. 2n = 14, 28.

Distribution

Wash., Del., D.C., W.Va., N.J., N.Mex., Tex., La., N.C., S.C., Pa., N.Y., Va., Calif., Ala., Oreg., Maine, Md., Mass., Ohio, Man., Mich., R.I., Kans., Miss., Ky.

Discussion

Alopecurus myosuroides is native to Eurasia, and grows in moist meadows, deciduous forests, and cultivated or disturbed ground. A significant weed species in temperate cereal crops, it is one of the most damaging weeds of winter cereals in England. It has been introduced repeatedly as a weed of cultivation into many parts of the Flora region, but apparently has not spread to a large degree outside of cultivation. Alopecurus myosuroides has been listed as a noxious weed in the state of Washington, one of the states where winter wheat is a major crop.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Alopecurus myosuroides"
membranous +  and scarious +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.41 cm4.1 mm <br />0.0041 m <br />) +
convergent +  and parallel +
straight +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
William J. Crins +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
midlength +
swelling +
not evident +
scabrous +  and glabrous +
involute +  and flat +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
spikelike +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
Blackgrass +  and Slender meadow foxtail +
not branching +
solitary +  and clumped +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (85 cm850 mm <br />0.85 m <br />) +
not woody +
Wash. +, Del. +, D.C. +, W.Va. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, N.Y. +, Va. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Oreg. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Ohio +, Man. +, Mich. +, R.I. +, Kans. +, Miss. +  and Ky. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
sterile +  and bisexual +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
unequal +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
exceeding the florets +  and equaling +
narrowing +
uncinate +
capitate +  and cylindrical +
obtuse +  and acute or shortly awned +
glabrous +  and ciliate +
1-7(9)-veined +
lanceolate +  and ovate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
membranous +
glabrous +  and puberulent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
reduced +
4cm +  and 12cm +
spikelike +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
Introduced +
1 +  and 60 +
oval +  and compressed +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Alopecurus myosuroides +
Alopecurus +
species +
membranous +
parallel +  and converging +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +