Amelanchier humilis

Wiegand

Rhodora 14: 141, plate 95, figs. 2A–G. 1912.

Common names: Low shadbush amélanchier bas
Endemic
Synonyms: Amelanchier humilis var. campestris E. L. Nielsen A. humilis var. compacta E. L. Nielsen A. humilis var. exserrata E. L. Nielsen A. mucronata
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 656. Mentioned on page 649, 651, 653, 654, 655, 658, 660, 661.

Shrubs, to 1.5 m (sometimes to 8 m in shaded conditions). Stems 1–50, rhizomatous or suckering and forming scattered colonies. Leaves partly to fully unfolded; petiole (5–) 9.3–16.7 (–24) mm; blade elliptic or oblong to ovate or obovate, (20–) 31–47 (–62) × (12–) 21–35 (–45) cm, base rounded to cordate, each margin with (0 or) 1–6 (–13) teeth on proximal 1/2 and (0–) 3–6 (–9) teeth in distalmost cm, largest teeth more than 1 mm, apex broadly subacute to rounded and mucronate, abaxial surface densely hairy by flowering, surfaces sparsely (moderately) hairy (or glabrous) later. Inflorescences (5–) 7–11 (–14) -flowered, (12–) 18–32 (–51) mm. Pedicels: (0 or) 1 (or 2) subtended by a leaf, proximalmost (4–) 6–11 (–16) mm. Flowers: sepals spreading to recurved after flowering, (1–) 1.6–2.7 (–3.6) mm; petals to ivory, obovate-oblong, (4.3–) 5.9–8.7 (–11.3) × (1.4–) 2.3–3.9 (–5) mm; stamens (14–) 18–21 (–22); styles (3–) 5, (1.8–) 2.3–3 (–3.6) mm; ovary apex densely hairy. Pomes almost black, 6–8 mm diam. 2n = 2x, 3x, 4x.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat: Dry, open sites with rocky, gravelly, or sandy soil, calcareous soil
Elevation: 0–500 m

Distribution

V9 1127-distribution-map.jpg

Man., Ont., Que., Sask., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Md., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., S.Dak., Vt., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Amelanchier humilis is distinctive in its strongly rhizomatous or suckering habit, erect inflorescences, leaf margins with three to six teeth on distal cm, and preference for basic or neutral soils. Amelanchier humilis was considered to be conspecific with A. spicata by G. N. Jones (1946). Occurrence of A. humilis in Saskatchewan, Kansas, and Nebraska is questionable, as no specimens were seen to confirm its presence there.

M. L. Fernald (1950) reported hybrids between Amelanchier humilis and A. arborea, A. bartramiana, and A. spicata. The authors have observed putative hybrids with A. amabilis.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Amelanchier humilis"
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and hairy +
mucronate;broadly subacute;rounded +
Christopher S. Campbell +, Michael B. Burgess +, Kevin R. Cushman +, Eric T. Doucette +, Alison C. Dibble +  and Christopher T. Frye +
Wiegand +
fissuring in older trees +  and smooth +
salmon colored +, brown +  and gray +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
rounded +  and cordate +
47 cm470 mm <br />0.47 m <br /> (62 cm620 mm <br />0.62 m <br />) +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
31 cm310 mm <br />0.31 m <br /> (47 cm470 mm <br />0.47 m <br />) +
oblong +  and ovate or obovate +
membranous +  and coriaceous +
21 cm210 mm <br />0.21 m <br /> (?) +  and 35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (?) +
adnate +  and connate +
Low shadbush +  and amélanchier bas +
Man. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Vt. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
not +  and aggregated +
0–500 m +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
purplish +  and nearly black pinkish or maroon-purple dark purple-blue or brownish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Dry, open sites with rocky, gravelly, or sandy soil, calcareous soil +
glabrous +  and hairy +
funnel +  and campanulate +
(5-)7-11(-14)-flowered +
3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br /> (5.1 cm51 mm <br />0.051 m <br />) +
nodding +, spreading +, drooping +, erect +, ascending +  and arching +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br />) +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
pinnate +, dentate +, serrate +  and entire +
toothed +, unlobed +  and lobed +
6-10-loculed +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
0.87 cm8.7 mm <br />0.0087 m <br /> (1.13 cm11.3 mm <br />0.0113 m <br />) +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
free +  and distinct +
5.9mm;8.7mm +
obovate-oblong +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br />) +
1.67 cm16.7 mm <br />0.0167 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
0.93 cm9.3 mm <br />0.0093 m <br /> (1.67 cm16.7 mm <br />0.0167 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–May +  and fruiting Jul–Aug. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
4-17-flowered +
not arillate +
0.27 cm2.7 mm <br />0.0027 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
spreading +  and recurved +
triangular +  and lanceolate +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.27 cm2.7 mm <br />0.0027 m <br />) +
free +  and distinct +
rhizomatous +
erect +  and ascending +
hairy;glabrous +
1 +  and 50 +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
basal +, lateral +, subterminal +  and terminal +
elongate +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Amelanchier humilis var. campestris +, A. humilis var. compacta +, A. humilis var. exserrata +  and A. mucronata +
Amelanchier humilis +
Amelanchier +
species +
1 (?) +  and 6 (?) +
inconspicuous +