Arctostaphylos manzanita

Parry

Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 491. 1887 ,.

Common names: Common manzanita
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 437. Mentioned on page 410, 411, 412, 413.

Shrubs or trees, erect, 2–8 m; burl absent or prominent, globose; twigs glabrous, sparsely short-hairy, or glandular-hairy. Leaves: petiole 6–12 mm; blade bright green or glaucous, shiny or dull, widely ovate or oblong-ovate to obovate, 2–5 × 1–3.5 cm, base rounded to ± cuneate, margins entire, plane, surfaces smooth or scabrous, puberulent or veins finely hairy. Inflorescences panicles, 3–7-branched; immature inflorescence ± abruptly deflexed, branches spreading, axis 1.5–4.5 cm, 1+ mm diam., glabrous, sparsely short-hairy, or sparsely glandular-hairy, not viscid; bracts not fully appressed, scalelike, deltate, 2–4 mm, apex mucronate or acuminate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy to finely glandular-hairy. Pedicels 3–8 mm, glabrous. Flowers: corolla white, conic to urceolate; ovary glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular-hairy. Fruits depressed-globose, 8–12 mm diam., hairy or glabrous, stipitate-glandular or smooth. Stones distinct, sometimes connate.

Discussion

Subspecies 6 (6 in the flora).

Arctostaphylos manzanita is usually found in northern California in oak woodlands, chaparral, and open conifer forests. Subspecies manzanita is widespread throughout the Sierra Nevada foothills, north through the Cascades, and at lower elevations in the North Coast Ranges. The other subspecies are generally narrowly distributed.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Burls present; plants resprouting after fire Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. roofii
1 Burls absent; plants killed by fire > 2
2 Leaf blades lightly to strongly glaucous-green (twigs sometimes sparsely glandular-hairy). Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. glaucescens
2 Leaf blades dull to shiny green, not glaucous > 3
3 Ovaries and fruits glandular-hairy; stones often connate into single sphere, sometimes distinct. Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. elegans
3 Ovaries and fruits glabrous or white-hairy, eglandular; stones distinct > 4
4 Twigs glandular-hairy; leaf blades dull green. Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. wieslanderi
4 Twigs glabrous or sparsely short-hairy; leaf blades dull to bright, shiny green > 5
5 Leaf blades dull to shiny green; inflorescence axes many-branched, 1 mm diam.; branches usually 15-25 mm in immature phase. Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. manzanita
5 Leaf blades shiny green; inflorescence axes few-branched, 1+ mm diam.; branches to 15 mm in immature phase. Arctostaphylos manzanita subsp. laevigata

"entire" is not a number.

... more about "Arctostaphylos manzanita"
acuminate +  and mucronate +
V. Thomas Parker +, Michael C. Vasey +  and Jon E. Keeley +
not viscid +
glandular-hairy +, short-hairy +  and glabrous +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
not furrowed +
gray +  and reddish +
persistent +
exfoliating +
rounded;more or less cuneate +
bright green +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
dull +  and shiny +
oblong-ovate;obovate +
coriaceous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
not imbricate +  and imbricate +
hue +, light-brown +  and tan +
persistent +
deltate +  and scale-like +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
globose +
Common manzanita +
rotate to crateriform campanulate cylindric globose or urceolate +
conic;urceolate +
brown +, reddish-brown +  and red +
depressed-globose +  and globose +
undifferentiated +
fusiform +
stonelike +
indehiscent +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
smooth +, stipitate-glandular +, glabrous +  and hairy +
depressed-globose +
multicellular +
opposite +, whorled +  and alternate +
pubescence +  and color +
persistent +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
stipitate-glandular-hairy +  and glabrous +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
reduced +
not sticky +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
4-5-carpellate +
Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. +
not +  and connate +
tan;yellowish-brown or brown +
connate +  and distinct +
globose +
persistent +
distinct +
ovate +  and deltate +
prostrate +  and erect +
hairy +  and glabrous +
peltate +  and capitate +
connate +  and distinct +
straight +
sparsely hairy +  and finely glandular-hairy +
Undefined tribe Arbuteae +
Arctostaphylos manzanita +
Arctostaphylos +
species +
glandular-hairy +, short-hairy +  and glabrous +
achlorophyllous +  and chlorophyllous +
evergreen +, deciduous +  and perennial +
tree +  and shrub +
heterotrophic +, autotrophic +  and mycotrophic +