Arctous alpina

(Linnaeus) Niedenzu

Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 144. 1889 ,.

Common names: Torpedoberry
Basionym: Arbutus alpina Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 395. 1753
Synonyms: Arctostaphylos alpina (Linnaeus) Sprengel Mairania alpina (Linnaeus) Desvaux
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 405.

Shrubs 3–20 (–30) cm; twigs terete, with persistent old leaves or petioles. Leaves: petiole winged, 1–4 mm, ciliate on margins, or hairy; blade obovate to oblanceolate, 4–15 × 0.7–8 (–20) mm, base attenuate-cuneate, decurrent onto petiole, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, surfaces rugose, glabrous or hairy. Inflorescences 2–4 (–7) -flowered; bracts ovate, membranous. Pedicels 0.1–0.6 mm. Flowers: sepals pale green or yellow, 0.8–1.2 mm, apex acute; corolla yellow, whitish, or green (pale yellowish green), 3.5–4.5 mm, lobes recurved, greenish, rounded, 0.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 1–2 mm; anthers reddish, becoming yellow, 0.6–0.7 mm, horns 0.1–0.2 mm. Fruits black-purple, 6–9 mm diam. Pyrenes 2.7–4.6 × 2–3.6 mm. 2n = 26, 28.


Phenology: Flowering early summer.
Habitat: Tundra, gravelly beach ridges, lichen heaths, open, boggy, coniferous woods, dry, wind-swept and snow-free fellfields in arctic and alpine tundra
Elevation: 0-2500 m

Distribution

V8 764-distribution-map.gif

Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Yukon, Alaska, Maine, N.H., n Europe, Asia

Discussion

In Greenland, Arctous alpina reaches 77º north latitude on the eastern coast.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"entire" is not a number.

... more about "Arctous alpina"
yellow +  and reddish +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
acute +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Gordon C. Tucker +
(Linnaeus) Niedenzu +
not furrowed +
exfoliating +
decurrent;attenuate-cuneate +
Arbutus alpina +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
obovate;oblanceolate +
subcoriaceous +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
membranous +
Torpedoberry +
green +, whitish +  and yellow +
rotate to crateriform campanulate cylindric globose or urceolate +
urceolate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, Que. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Maine +, N.H. +, n Europe +  and Asia +
scarlet +, brick-red +  and black-purple +
globose +
0-2500 m +
undifferentiated +
fusiform +
stonelike +
indehiscent +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Tundra, gravelly beach ridges, lichen heaths, open, boggy, coniferous woods, dry, wind-swept and snow-free fellfields in arctic and alpine tundra +
multicellular +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
opposite +, whorled +  and alternate +
persistent +
rounded +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
green;yellow;green;yellow;cream;white +
reduced +
not sticky +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Flowering early summer. +
4-5-carpellate +
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. +
2.7mm;4.6mm +
2mm;3.6mm +
tan;yellowish-brown or brown +
distinct +
not angled +
yellow +  and pale green +
persistent +
distinct +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
prostrate +  and erect +
peltate +  and capitate +
straight +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Arctostaphylos alpina +  and Mairania alpina +
Arctous alpina +
species +
achlorophyllous +  and chlorophyllous +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
evergreen +, deciduous +  and perennial +
heterotrophic +, autotrophic +  and mycotrophic +