Botrychium virginianum

(Linnaeus) Swartz

J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 111. 1801.

Common names: Rattlesnake fern common grapefern botryche de virginie
Illustrated
Basionym: Osmunda virginiana Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1064. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.

Trophophore sessile; blade pale green, 3–4-pinnate, to 25 × 33 cm, thin, herbaceous. Pinnae to 12 pairs, usually approximate to overlapping, slightly ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, lanceolate, divided to tip. Pinnules lanceolate and deeply lobed, lobes linear, serrate, apex pointed, venation pinnate, midrib present. Sporophores 2-pinnate, 0.5–1.5 (–2) times length of trophophore. 2n =184.


Phenology: Leaves seasonal, appearing in early spring and dying in late summer.
Habitat: Common to abundant, especially in shaded forests and shrubby second growth, rare or absent in arid regions
Elevation: 0–1500 m

Distribution

V2 31-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Ala., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Mexico, Central America, South America in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Eurasia

Discussion

Botrychium virginianum is the most widespread Botrychium in North America.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified.

... more about "Botrychium virginianum"
pointed +
Warren H. Wagner Jr. +  and Florence S. Wagner +
(Linnaeus) Swartz +
Osmunda virginiana +
divided +  and lanceolate +
simple +  and 5-pinnate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
deltate +
Rattlesnake fern +, common grapefern +  and botryche de virginie +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Mexico +, Central America +, South America in Brazil +, Colombia +, Ecuador +, Peru +  and Eurasia +
0–1500 m +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Common to abundant, especially in shaded forests and shrubby second growth, rare or absent in arid regions +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
of widely scattered , long , uniseriate hairs +
dentate;lacerate +
Leaves seasonal, appearing in early spring and dying in late summer. +
spreading;ascending +
lobed +  and lanceolate +
epiphytic +  and terrestrial +
spore-bearing +  and laminate +
photosynthetic +
with long , uniseriate hairs +  and glabrous +
J. Bot. (Schrader) +
with corky ridges +  and smooth +
list +  and count +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
not proliferous +
Illustrated +
sessile +  and short-stalked +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
thick-walled +  and trilete +
0.5-1.5(-2) times length of trophophore +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
development +
flattened +
unbranched +  and simple +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
tuberculate +  and rugate +
Botrychium virginianum +
Botrychium subg. Osmundopteris +
species +
arising +  and erect +
anastomosing +
pinnate +  and fan +