Crataegus aestivalis

(Walter) Torrey & A. Gray

Fl. N. Amer. 1: 468. 1840.

Common names: Eastern mayhaw
Endemic
Basionym: Mespilus aestivalis Walter Fl. Carol., 148. 1788
Synonyms: Crataegus cerasoides Sargent C. fruticosa Sargent C. luculenta Sargent C. maloides Sargent C. monantha Sargent
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 547. Mentioned on page 546, 548, 629.

Shrubs or trees, 30–120 dm. Stems: twigs: new growth reddish, glabrous, 1-year old dark-brown (in late summer); thorns on twigs 1-year old dark, ± shiny, older grayish, 2–4 cm. Leaves: stipules broadly circinate, margins glandular; petiole 3–8 mm, length 10–16% blade, winged distally; blade ± dark green, elliptic to oblanceolate or narrowly so, 3–5 cm (sometimes much larger on extension shoots, then sometimes few-lobed, sometimes deeply so, even almost tripartite), lobes 0, margins entire proximally, serrulate to crenate in distal 1/2, usually eglandular, teeth tips sometimes with black glands, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex acute to subobtuse, abaxial surface glabrous except for tufts of usually pale gray (sometimes ± rufous) hair in lateral-vein axils, sometimes also along midvein, adaxial ± shiny, scabrous or glabrous. Inflorescences 2–4-flowered umbels; branches glabrous or sparsely long-pilose; bracteoles narrow, margins sessile-glandular. Flowers 12–30 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepal margins ± entire, glabrous; anthers pink; styles 4 or 5. Pomes red, sometimes yellow, 8–20 mm diam., shiny; flesh edible; sepals obtuse; pyrenes 4 or 5.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Mar (later northward); fruiting May–Jul.
Habitat: Seasonally inundated depressions, ditches, sink holes, streamsides
Elevation: 10–100 m

Distribution

V9 924-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., Miss., N.C., S.C.

Discussion

Crataegus aestivalis is common in northern Florida and southern Georgia and continues up the coastal plain to New Bern, North Carolina, and west to Mississippi; it is scarce in the northern portion of its range.

Crataegus aestivalis is variable in flower and fruit size. Crataegus maloides has unusually large, and C. luculenta unusually small, flowers; C. cerasoides has large, late-ripening fruit. Crataegus fruticosa is distinguished by late anthesis, at nearly full leaf expansion, and could be mistaken for a form of C. crus-galli. Crataegus monantha is a dwarf form from northern Florida and might prove useful as a dwarfing stock for the mayhaw industry.

Crataegus aestivalis is widely used in the southern states for conserves.

The description of Crataegus aestivalis by Torrey and Gray, together with the distribution they ascribed to it, indicates that they included C. opaca. The type of C. elliptica Pursh (reputedly at BM or OXF) has not been located and that of C. lucida Elliott (at CHARL) has not been accessed; these two names may belong here. C. S. Sargent (1920) thoroughly discussed the typification of C. aestivalis, suggesting that C. elliptica and C. lucida represent the same species.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."winged" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus aestivalis"
glabrous +  and scabrous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
glossy +  and matte +
acute;subobtuse +
James B. Phipps +
(Walter) Torrey & A. Gray +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
cuneate +
Mespilus aestivalis +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
narrowly +, elliptic +  and oblanceolate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
long-pilose +  and glabrous +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Eastern mayhaw +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Miss. +, N.C. +  and S.C. +
not +  and aggregated +
10–100 m +
succulent +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
dark-brown +  and reddish +
old +  and new +
Seasonally inundated depressions, ditches, sink holes, streamsides +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
umbellate +  and 2-6-flowered +
deciduous +
sinuate +
sessile-glandular +  and glandular +
serrulate +  and crenate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale-pink +  and white to sometimes +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Mar (later northward) +  and fruiting May–Jul. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
yellow +  and red +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
suborbicular +
Fl. N. Amer. +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
short +  and much shorter +
accrescent +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Crataegus cerasoides +, C. fruticosa +, C. luculenta +, C. maloides +  and C. monantha +
Crataegus aestivalis +
Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Aestivales +
species +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
grayish +  and dark +
straight +
slender +  and stout +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
craspedodromous +  and gland-tipped +
inconspicuous +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
determinate +
few +  and numerous +
2-4-flowered +
5 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +