Crataegus crus-galli var. crus-galli

Endemic
Synonyms: Crataegus acutifolia Sargent C. albanthera Sargent C. arborea Beadle C. barrettiana Sargent C. calophylla Sargent C. candens Sargent C. cherokeenis Sargent C. consueta Sargent C. crus-galli var. capillata Sargent C. crus-galli var. exigua (Sargent) Eggleston C. crus-galli var. leptophylla (Sargent) E. J. Palmer C. crus-galli var. macra (Beadle) E. J. Palmer C. crus-galli var. oblongata Sargent C. crus-galli var. pachyphylla (Sargent) E. J. Palmer C. hamata Sargent C. hannibalensis Sargent C. infera Sargent C. leptophylla Sargent C. ludoviciensis Sargent C. monosperma Sargent C. pachyphylla Beadle C. paradoxa Beadle C. parkiae Sargent C. permera Sargent C. phaneroneura Sargent C. polyclada Sargent C. pyracanthoides var. arborea (Beadle) E. J. Palmer C. regalis Sargent C. rubrifolia Ashe C. rudis Sargent C. severa Sargent C. strongylophylla C. tantula C. tardiflora C. tenax C. tenuispina C. truncata
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 539. Mentioned on page 538.

Leaf-blades: relatively wide (1.5:1–2.5:1).


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Sep–Nov.
Habitat: Brush, sandy soil, dense shade
Elevation: 10–300 m

Distribution

V9 906-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Attempts to divide this complex into taxa based on stamen number and anther color have been unsatisfactory. Crataegus arborea (cream anthers) and C. tenax (pink anthers) appear to be the earliest names for 20-stamen forms, which E. J. Palmer and others wrongly called C. fontanesiana (Spach) Steudel [= C. calpodendron (see J. B. Phipps 1987)]. Crataegus crus-galli in the strict sense would be restricted to the 10-stamen, white-anthered form. Such a circumscription is not followed here because the collective variation in all 10- and 20-stamen forms, not only in stamen number and anther color, is much greater than the differences between them. T. A. Dickinson (1983) showed that in southern Ontario, clear phenological and morphological differences occur between 10- and 20-stamen forms.

Rare forms with three to five styles, for example, Crataegus leptophylla, may be hybrids with C. reverchonii var. reverchonii. The widely recognized var. capillata Sargent with inflorescence branches sparsely villous is here synonymized as that is all that distinguishes it.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."glabrous" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

68 +, 51 +  and 34 +
glabrescent +, hairy +  and glabrous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
ivory +  and pink +
acute;obtuse +
James B. Phipps +
Linnaeus +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
tapered +
Crataegus sect. Crus-galli +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
broadly spatulate +  and narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
glandular-punctate +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
not +  and aggregated +
10–300 m +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
gray +  and pale-brown +
older +, old +  and new +
Brush, sandy soil, dense shade +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
1 +  and 2.5 +
deciduous +
craspedodromous +
serrulate +  and finely crenate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
5 mm +  and obsolescent +
glabrescent +  and villous +
Flowering Apr–Jun +  and fruiting Sep–Nov. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
bright-yellow +, usually ruddy +  and crimson +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
less oblong +  and suborbicular +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
patent-reflexed +
triangular +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Crataegus acutifolia +, C. albanthera +, C. arborea +, C. barrettiana +, C. calophylla +, C. candens +, C. cherokeenis +, C. consueta +, C. crus-galli var. capillata +, C. crus-galli var. exigua +, C. crus-galli var. leptophylla +, C. crus-galli var. macra +, C. crus-galli var. oblongata +, C. crus-galli var. pachyphylla +, C. hamata +, C. hannibalensis +, C. infera +, C. leptophylla +, C. ludoviciensis +, C. monosperma +, C. pachyphylla +, C. paradoxa +, C. parkiae +, C. permera +, C. phaneroneura +, C. polyclada +, C. pyracanthoides var. arborea +, C. regalis +, C. rubrifolia +, C. rudis +, C. severa +, C. strongylophylla +, C. tantula +, C. tardiflora +, C. tenax +, C. tenuispina +  and C. truncata +
Crataegus crus-galli var. crus-galli +
Crataegus crus-galli +
variety +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
dark gray +  and blackish +
straight +
reflexed +  and recurved +
medium +  and stout +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
craspedodromous +  and gland-tipped +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
inconspicuous +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
determinate +
4 (?) +  and 7 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +