Crataegus cupressocollina

J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon

J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 1056, plates 6.2a, 7a,b, fig. 6. 2007.

Common names: Cypress Hills hawthorn
EndemicIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 507. Mentioned on page 504.

Shrubs or trees, ± erect, 25–60 dm. Stems: twigs: new growth greenish red young, sparsely pilose, 1-year old deep to reddish-brown, shiny, older orangebrown overlaid with gray; bark on 2–5 cm thick branches orangebrown; thorns on twigs few to numerous, ± straight to strongly recurved, slender, 3–7 cm, 2-years old blackish brown. Leaves: petiole 1–2 cm, sparsely hairy young, sparsely glandular; blade ± ovate to broadly elliptic, 3–6 cm, thin, base broadly cuneate, lobes 3 or 4 per side, max LII ca. 15%, lobe apex acute to ± rounded, margins serrate, teeth numerous, small, gland-tipped when young, veins 3 or 4 per side, apex acute, shiny, abaxial surface glabrate, some axils of midvein pilose, adaxial appressed-hairy. Inflorescences 5–15-flowered; branches sparsely to moderately or densely pilose; bracteoles pale brownish, margins nearly eglandular, minutely short, delicately stipulate-glandular. Flowers 15–18 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals ± anthocyanic, triangular, length not recorded, margins finely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous, adaxially pilose; stamens 10, anthers white; styles 3–5. Pomes on pendulous branches, burgundy (Aug–early Sep), black (late Sep), glossy, ellipsoid, 7–10 mm diam., glabrous; sepals spreading, wide, 3–4 mm, apex ± acuminate; pyrenes 3–5, sides ± irregularly pitted or scarred.


Phenology: Flowering late May–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep.
Habitat: Thickets, grasslands, light shade of Populus spp.
Elevation: 800–1200 m

Discussion

Crataegus cupressocollina is found through much of the Cypress Hills, where it may be common, and in a restricted area in the Bear's Paw Mountains, Montana. The species is distinctive in its tall, willowy, upright habit, leaf form, relatively long, slender thorns, and two to five year-old orange-brown bark. The flowers differ from those in ser. Douglasianae in their white anthers. The ripe fruit of C. cupressocollina is glabrous and plum red to purple-brown in late August, after which it ripens to a glossy purple-black. The large, pendulous clusters of fruit at once draw attention, as do the reddish tips of the sepals and the soft red-brown of the often nearly eglandular bracteoles when in flower. The colorful expanding bud scales are also rather striking. Crataegus cupressocollina is the first to flower of sympatric species.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."thick" is not a number."glandular-serrate" is not a number."wide" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus cupressocollina"
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
acuminate;acute +
James B. Phipps +
J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon +
exfoliating +  and plated +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
cuneate +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
less ovate +  and broadly elliptic +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
pale brownish +
orangebrown +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Cypress Hills hawthorn +
Alta. +, Sask. +  and Mont. +
not +  and aggregated +
800–1200 m +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
orangebrown overlaid with gray +, reddish-brown +  and greenish red +
older +, old +, young +  and new +
Thickets, grasslands, light shade of Populus spp. +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
obscure +  and evident +
pilose +  and glabrous +
denticulate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
glandular +  and eglandular +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flowering late May–early Jun +  and fruiting Aug–Sep. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
coriaceous-leaved +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
black +  and burgundy +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
ellipsoid +
J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas +
not arillate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
anthocyanic +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
triangular +
accrescent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
scarred +  and pitted +
shallow +  and deep +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
Crataegus cupressocollina +
Crataegus (sect. Douglasia) ser. Purpureofructus +
species +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
blackish brown +
straight +
slender +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
gland-tipped +
inconspicuous +
1 +  and few +
straight +
determinate +
few +  and numerous +
not +  and hairy +
4 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +