Crataegus fecunda

Sargent

Bot. Gaz. 33: 111. 1902.

Common names: St. Clair or fecund hawthorn
Conservation concernEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 541. Mentioned on page 536, 537.

Trees, 60–80 dm. Stems: trunks to 3 dm diam.; twigs: new growth dark green turning orange, lustrous, pilose, 1-year old orangebrown, older ashy gray; thorns on twigs ± straight to recurved, 1-year old chestnut or blackish brown, slender, 5–6.5 cm. Leaves: stipules stipitate, linear to semilunate, 1.3–2 cm, coarsely glandular-serrate; petiole ± winged apically, 13–20 mm, stout, length 26–31% blade, adaxially grooved, villous, often scattered dark glandular; blade pale yellow-green abaxially, dark green when mature, red in fall, oblong-obovate to ovate or broadly ovate, 5–6.5 cm, thin and firm, base gradually or abruptly narrowed, obscurely ciliate, lobes 0, margins usually doubly, coarsely serrate (except proximally), teeth spreading, 2–3 mm, glandular, venation craspedodromous, midvein stout, veins 7–9 per side, remote, only slightly impressed adaxially, apex acute, rarely rounded, short-pointed, lustrous, adaxial scabrous young, scabrous or glabrous mature, midveins and primary-veins villous with occasional white hairs. Inflorescences 6–17-flowered; branches sparsely villous; bracteoles linear to oblong-obovate, margins sparsely glandular-serrate. Flowers 18 mm diam.; hypanthium ± villous; sepals spreading after anthesis, elongated, shorter than petals, margins subentire or shallowly to deeply glandular-serrate, stipitate-glandular, apex acuminate, abaxially villous; stamens 10 (–15), anthers dark purple, small; styles 2 or 3. Pomes borne in wide, drooping, multi-fruited glabrous clusters, dull orange-red, with dark lenticels, short-oblong to suborbicular ends full, rounded, 13 mm diam., sparsely hairy until nearly fully grown; flesh pale green, thick, firm, hard, dry, sweet; sepals erect, incurved, linear-lanceolate, coarsely glandular-serrate above middle; pyrenes 2 or 3, rounded, 8 mm.


Phenology: Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Ravines, brush, rich woodlands, near streams
Elevation: 50–200 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Crataegus fecunda was formerly found in the central United States, mainly near the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. It has apparently not been seen in the wild since the 1930s, an example of the decline of previously well-documented taxa, some of which are seemingly extinct.

Crataegus fecunda is similar to glabrous-inflorescence forms of C. persimilis; it always has sharper and more prominent leaf marginal teeth, usually proportionately narrower leaves with more acute apices, slightly hairy inflorescences, and plane-sided pyrenes. According to Sargent, it had fruit 22–25 mm diam.

Crataegus shinnersii Kruschke, known from a handful of specimens in Wisconsin, is similar and would key here but has cream or ivory anthers and glabrous inflorescences; its precise taxonomic disposition is uncertain.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."elongated" is not a number. "elongated" is not a number."grooved" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus fecunda"
mature +  and young +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
dark purple +
elongated;elongated +
after anthesis , elongated , shorter than petals , margins subentire or to shallowly deeply glandular-serrate , stipitate-glandular , apex +
acuminate;acuminate;subentire or;shallowly deeply glandular-serrate +
James B. Phipps +
Sargent +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
narrowed +
Crataegus sect. Crus-galli +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
red +, dark green +  and pale yellow-green +
glossy +  and bright +
oblong-obovate +  and ovate or broadly ovate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
linear +  and oblong-obovate +
glandular-punctate +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
St. Clair or fecund hawthorn +
Ark. +, Ill. +, Ky. +  and Mo. +
not +  and aggregated +
50–200 m +
orange-red +  and dark +
suborbicular +  and short-oblong +
hard +  and firm +
18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br /> (?) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
ashy gray +, orangebrown +  and dark green turning orange +
older +, old +  and new +
Ravines, brush, rich woodlands, near streams +
occasional +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
orange-red +  and dark +
craspedodromous +
glandular-serrate +  and serrate +
after anthesis , elongated , shorter than petals , margins subentire or to shallowly deeply glandular-serrate , stipitate-glandular , apex +
acuminate +, subentire or +  and shallowly deeply glandular-serrate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
elongated;elongated +
after anthesis , elongated , shorter than petals , margins subentire or to shallowly deeply glandular-serrate , stipitate-glandular , apex +
acuminate;acuminate;subentire or;shallowly deeply glandular-serrate +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr +  and fruiting Sep–Oct. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
yellow +, orange-red +, rose +  and deep red +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (?) +
rounded +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (?) +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
incurved +, erect +  and spreading +
villous +  and after anthesis , elongated , shorter than petals , margins subentire or to shallowly deeply glandular-serrate , stipitate-glandular , apex +
linear-lanceolate +, subentire or +  and shallowly deeply glandular-serrate +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
Conservation concern +  and Endemic +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
linear;semilunate +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Crataegus fecunda +
Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Crus-galli +
species +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
blackish brown +, chestnut +  and old +
straight +
slender +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
craspedodromous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
inconspicuous +
0dm +  and 3dm +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
straight +
determinate +
7 (?) +  and 9 (?) +